1—10-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2024. На базе материалов ФИПИ

Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—24.

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25—29, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25—29.

***

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30—36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30—36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

A Shoe Shop Story

Carol Chadbond leant on the counter by the till, chewing gum, and gazed at the customers in the shoe shop. There were only two: a young girl and her mother. They had been 30 ___________ on shoes for twenty minutes, unable to agree on anything. The girl wanted something expensive and fashionable, while the mother wanted something cheap and practical. Carol watched them argue and thought how bored she was.

She wished she hadn’t agreed to stand in for Julie on a Saturday morning. She could be out with her friends now, drinking coffee and gossiping instead of waiting for people to 31 ___________ their minds up. The mother came over with a shoe in her hand.

«I wonder if you have this in a size 4,» she said. Carol took the shoe and smiled the automatic smile she 32 ___________, for customers.

I’ll go and have a look. Won’t be a minute,» she said and went into the storeroom. She quickly found the shoes, then sat on a stool, hoping to waste a few minutes by 33 ___________ to look for the shoes. She thought about her plans for that evening. She was looking forward to going to the cinema and seeing her favourite actor’s latest film. Realising that she hadn’t invited Amy, she got out her mobile and quickly dialled the number. It rang twice before Amy answered.

«Hi, it’s me!» Carol said. «Guess what? I’m at work. Listen, what are you doing later?»

Soon, Amy was telling Carol all about what had happened the night before and who had said what to whom. Forgetting where she was, Carol got more and more 34 ___________ in the

conversation, crying «Really?» and «I don’t believe it!» at the more interesting moments in the story. A low cough came from the door of the storeroom. Carol looked up to see the woman customer standing there with a very annoyed 35 ___________ on her face. Even worse, the shop manager, Mrs Lewis, was standing right behind her.

«Erm… I’ll call you back,» Carol said into the phone, and hung 36 ___________. Somehow, she had the feeling that she might not have to work the following Saturday morning.

30 1) trying 2) wearing 3) getting 4) having

Ответ:

31 1) put 2) make 3) decide 4) cross

Ответ:

32 1) booked 2) reserved 3) held 4) stored

Ответ:

33 1) acting 2) imitating 3) displaying 4) pretending

Ответ:

34 1) involved 2) excited 3) included 4) concentrated

Ответ:

35 1) view 2) look 3) sight 4) appearance

Ответ:

36 1) off 2) out 3) up 4) down

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 19—36 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 19—29 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.

Раздел 4. Письменная речь

Для ответов на задания 37 и 38 используйте бланк ответов №2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями или использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 37 и 38 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Укажите номер задания 37 в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2 и напишите текст своего ответного электронного письма зарубежному другу по переписке.

37. You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Max:

Write an email to Max.

In your message:

– answer his questions;

– ask 3 questions about the trip

Write 100—140 words.

Remember the rules of email writing.

***

Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных заданий (38.1 или 38.2), укажите его номер в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2 и выполните согласно данному плану. В ответе на задание 38 числительные пишите цифрами.

38.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on what countries teens from Zetland would like to work in. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).

Comment on the data in the table and give your personal opinion on the subject of the project.

The opinion poll question:

What countries would you like to work in?

Write 200—250 words.

Use the following plan:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

– select and report 2—3 facts;

– make 1—2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

– outline a problem that can arise with working in another country and suggest a way of solving it;

– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of working in another country.

***

38.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on why the social network VK is popular in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results оf the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).

Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

The opinion poll question:

Why do you spend time in VK?

Write 200—250 words.

Use the following plan:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

– select and report 2—3 facts;

– make 1—2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

– outline a problem that one can face using VK and like and suggest a way of solving it;

– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of VK in teens’ life.

Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.

Test 3. Устная часть

Task 1

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

21st century skills comprise abilities, and learning dispositions that have been identified as being required for success in the modern-day society and workplaces by educators, business leaders, academics, and governmental agencies. This is part of a growing international movement focusing on the skills required for students to master in preparation for success in a rapidly changing, digital society. Many of these talents are also associated with deeper learning, which is based on mastering analytic reasoning, complex problem solving, and teamwork. These skills differ from traditional academic training in that they are not primarily content knowledge-based. The above-mentioned abilities are also identified as key qualities of progressive education, a pedagogical movement that began in the late nineteenth century and continues in various forms to the present.

Task 2

Study the advertisement

Touch the Culture of World Civilizations

You are considering visiting a museum and you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out the following:

1) location of the museum

2) special offers

3) number of exhibitions

4) working hours

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

Task 3

You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions

Give full answers to the questions (2—3 sentences).

Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.

Typescript for Task 3

Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s Teenagers Round the World Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss friends. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.

Interviewer: How do you get along with your peers?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: What are the benefits of friendship?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: Where did you meet your best friend? How long have you known each other?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: How do you communicate with your friends?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: How do you spend time together?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: Thank you very much for your interview.

Task 4

Imagine that you and your friend are doing a school project «Martial Arts». You have found some photos to illustrate it but for technical reasons you cannot send them now.

Leave a voice message to your friend explaining your choice of the photos and sharing some ideas about the project.

In 2.5 minutes be ready to:

• explain the choice of the illustrations for the project by briefly describing them and noting the differences;

• mention the advantages (1—2) of the two types of martial arts;

• mention the disadvantages (1—2) of the two types of martial arts;

• express your opinion on the subject of the project – which way of martial arts you’d prefer and why.

You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (2—3 sentences for every item of the plan, 12—15 sentences total). You have to talk continuously.

TEST 4

Раздел 1. Аудирование

1. Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

1 This ingredient of a sweet treat has a long history.

2 Special sweets can be decorations for special occasions.

3 Candy from our childhood has a very special taste.

4 Every candy cane has its own sweet secret.

5 I didn’t regret spending money for those sweets.

6 It was impossible to eat alone all the sweets needed.

7 This shop has an unusual mix of goods.

Говорящий . . . A – B – C – D – E – F

Утверждение

2. Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

A Sandra has been friends with Anna for a long time.

B Jim and Anna have good relations at the moment.

C Jim feels guilty about his behavior towards Anna.

D Jim has a full-time job.

E Jim thinks gift certificates don’t make a good present.

F Sandra has already bought a present for Anna.

G Jim and Sandra are going shopping tonight.

Утверждение . . . . . . . . . . . A – B – C – D – E – F – G

Соответствие диалогу

***

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3—9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

3 Speaking about his background, Nigel says that…

1) he decided to become a pilot at an early age.

2) his family was related to aviation.

3) it took him quite long to understand that he wanted to fly.

Ответ:

4 At present, Nigel’s main ambition is to work on…

1) local flights.

2) trans-Atlantic flights.

3) popular international flights.

Ответ:

5 When Nigel decided to get a pilot’s license, he had to…

1) leave school to work.

2) change many jobs.

3) combine work and studies.

Ответ:

6 Nigel explains that «to get instrument rating» means to demonstrate the ability to…

1) operate any type of aircraft.

2) fly in any weather conditions.

3) use different equipment on the ground.

Ответ:

7 Nigel can’t get a job with a major airline because…

1) he doesn’t have enough experience.

2) these airlines have stopped hiring new pilots.

3) his pilot’s license is not valid.

Ответ:

8 In order to achieve his aim, Nigel still needs to…

1) pass a medical test.

2) gain more flying skills.

3) choose a suitable airline.

Ответ:

9 Before he gets enough experience, Nigel is ready to work…

1) for a low salary.

2) with many different people.

3) in faraway places.

Ответ:

Раздел 2. Чтение

10. Установите соответствие между текстами A—G и заголовками 1—8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

A. Acid rain moves easily, affecting locations far beyond those that let out the pollution. As a result, this global pollution issue causes great debates between countries that fight over polluting each other’s environments. The problem is that acid rain, one of the most important environmental problems of all, cannot be seen. Some scientists think that human production is primarily responsible, while others cite natural causes as well.

B. Air pollution has many disastrous effects that need to be curbed. In order to accomplish this, governments, scientists and environmentalists are using or testing a variety of methods aimed at reducing pollution. There are two main types of pollution control. Input controls are usually more effective than output controls. Output controls are also more expensive, making them less desirable to tax payers and polluting industries.

C. Global warming is called the greenhouse effect because the gases that are gathering above the earth make the planet comparable to a greenhouse. By trapping heat, the green house effect is warming the planet and threatening the environment. Current fears stem largely from the fact that global warming is occurring at such a rapid pace. Models are predicting that over the next century, the global temperature will rise by several degrees.

D. Individuals often throw out goods without realizing that they could be dangerous for the environment. No matter where people put these materials, there is always a chance that they could find their way into the ground, and eventually into our bodies. Special research is necessary to provide data on the effects of every chemical as well as to learn how combinations of these chemicals affect human health.

E. Only a few factors combine to create the problem of ozone layer depletion. The production and emission of CFCs, chlorofluorocarbons, is by far the leading cause. Many countries have called for the end of CFC production. However, those industries that do use CFCs do not want to discontinue usage of this highly valuable industrial chemical. So it’s important to make people realize the disaster CFCs cause in the stratosphere.

F. Unlike some environmental issues, rainforest depletion has fortunately received significant public and media attention. According to some estimates, 50 million acres of rain forest are cut down every year. Every year, Brazil chops down an area of forest the size of the state of Nebraska. In Indonesia, Zaire, Papua-New Guinea, Malaysia, Burma, the Philippines, Peru, Colombia, Bolivia, and Venezuela, rain forests that were once great have been lost.

G. The world’s population has been booming for years. The population is now threatening to reach the stage where there are simply too many people for the planet to support. Greater populations pollute and consume more, ruining the environment and creating or intensifying a variety of problems. Also, with the food supply limited, the increase in population will make shortages in many parts of the world even worse.

Ответ… … ….. A – B – C – D – E – F – G

***

11. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A—F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1—7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

Little Smoker

On 25 October 1881, a little boy was born in Malaga, Spain. It was a difficult birth and to help him breathe, cigar smoke was blown into his nose! But despite being the youngest ever smoker, this baby grew up to be one of the 20th century’s greatest painters – Pablo Picasso.

Picasso showed his truly exceptional talent from a very young age. His first word was lapiz (Spanish for pencil) and he learned to draw before he could talk.

He was the only son in the family and very good-looking, ___ (A). He hated school and often refused to go unless his doting parents allowed him to take one of his father’s pet pigeons with him!

Apart from pigeons, his great love was art, and when in 1891 his father, who was an amateur artist, got a job as a drawing teacher at a college, Pablo went with him to the college. He often watched his father painting and sometimes was allowed to help. One evening his father was painting a picture of their pigeons ___ (B). He returned to find that Pablo had completed the picture, and it was so amazingly beautiful and lifelike that he gave his son his own palette and brushes and never painted again. Pablo was just 13.

From then onwards there was no stopping him. Many people realized that he was a genius but he disappointed those ___ (C). He was always breaking the rules of artistic tradition and shocked the public with his strange and powerful pictures. He is probably best known for his «Cubist’ pictures, ___ (D). His paintings of people were often made up of triangles and squares with their features in the wrong place. His work changed our ideas about art ___ (E). Guernica, which he painted in 1937, records the bombing of that little Basque town during the Spanish Civil War, and is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces of modern painting.

Picasso died of heart failure during an attack of influenza in 1973. The artist created over 6,000 paintings, drawings and sculptures. Today a «Picasso’ costs several million pounds, ___ (F).

1. which used only simple geometric shapes

2. so he was thoroughly spoilt

3. which is not surprising

4. that is why he was very hard-working

5. when he had to leave the room

6. who wanted him to become a traditional painter

7. that is why to millions of people modern art means the work of Picasso

Ответ… A – B – C – D – E – F

***

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

The Cricket War

That summer an army of crickets started a war with my father. They picked a fight the minute they invaded our cellar. Dad didn’t care for bugs much more than Mamma, but he could tolerate a few spiders and assorted creepy crawlers living in the basement. Every farm house had them. A part of rustic living, and something you needed to put up with if you wanted the simple life.

He told Mamma: «Now that we’re living out here, you can’t be jerking your head and swallowing your gum over what’s plain natural, Ellen.» But she was a city girl through and through and had no ears when it came to defending vermin. She said a cricket was just a noisy cockroach, just a dumb horny bug that wouldn’t shut up. No way could she sleep with all that chirping going on! Then to prove her point she wouldn’t go to bed. She drank coffee and smoked my father’s cigarettes and she paced between the couch and the TV. Next morning she threatened to pack up and leave, so Dad drove to the hardware store and hurried back. He squirted poison from a jug with a spray nozzle. He sprayed the basement and all around the foundation of the house. When he had finished, he told us that was the end of it.

But what he should have said was: «This is the beginning’. For the next fourteen days Mamma kept finding dead crickets in the clean laundry. Shed shake out a towel or a sheet and a dead black cricket would roll across the linoleum. Sometimes the cat would corner one, and swat it around like he was playing hockey, then carry it away in his mouth. Dad said swallowing a few dead crickets wouldn’t hurt as long as the cat didn’t eat too many.

Soon live crickets started showing up in the kitchen and bathroom. Mamma freaked because she thought they were the dead crickets come back to haunt, but Dad said they were definitely a new batch, probably coming up on the pipes. He fetched his jug of poison and sprayed beneath the sink and behind the toilet and all along the baseboard until the whole house smelled of poison, and then he sprayed the cellar again, and then he went outside and sprayed all around the foundation leaving a foot-wide moat of poison.

For a couple of weeks we went back to finding dead crickets in the laundry. Dad told us to keep a sharp look out. He suggested that we’d all be better off to hide as many as we could from Mamma. I fed a few dozen to the cat who I didn’t like because he scratched and bit for no reason. I hoped the poison might kill him so we could get a puppy. Once in a while we found a dead cricket in the bathroom or beneath the kitchen sink. A couple of weeks later, when both live and dead crickets kept turning up, Dad emptied the cellar of junk. He borrowed Uncle Burt’s pickup and hauled a load to the dump. Then he burned a lot of bundled newspapers and magazines which he said the crickets had turned into nests.

He stood over that fire with a rake in one hand and a garden hose in the other. He wouldn’t leave it even when Mamma sent me out to fetch him for supper. He wouldn’t leave the fire, and she wouldn’t put supper on the table. Both my brothers were crying. Finally she went out and got him herself. And while we ate, the wind lifted some embers onto the wood pile. The only gasoline was in the lawn mower fuel tank but that was enough to create an explosion big enough to reach the house. Once the roof caught, there wasn’t much anyone could do.

After the fire trucks left, I made the mistake of volunteering to stay behind while Mamma took the others to Aunt Gail’s. I helped Dad and Uncle Burt and two men I’d never seen before carry things out of the house and stack them by the road. In the morning we’d come back in Burt’s truck and haul everything away. We worked into the night and we didn’t talk much, hardly a word about anything that mattered, and Dad didn’t offer any plan that he might have for us now. Uncle Burt passed a bottle around, but I shook my head when it came to me. I kicked and picked through the mess, dumb struck at how little there was to salvage, while all around the roar of crickets magnified our silence.

12 A cricket is…

1) a small animal.

2) a spider.

3) an insect.

4) a game.

Ответ:

13 Mamma threatened to pack up and leave because…

1) she had smoked all cigarettes.

2) she had not got used to rustic living.

3) she could not put up with crickets.

4) she was a city girl through and through.

Ответ:

14 After Dad had sprayed the basement and all around the foundation of the house,

1) the family were constantly coming across dead crickets.

2) the family kept seeing live crickets everywhere.

3) the dead crickets came back to haunt.

4) all crickets disappeared.

Ответ:

15 The narrator fed the cat with crickets because…

1) the cat was hungry.

2) he would like to have another pet.

3) he wanted to hide crickets from Mamma.

4) Dad told him to do it.

Ответ:

16 Dad borrowed Uncle Burt’s pickup…

1) to fight with crickets.

2) to bring new furniture to the cellar.

3) to throw away newspapers and magazines.

4) to get rid of rubbish.

Ответ:

17 The house caught fire because…

1) Dad left a garden hose near the fire.

2) the wind lifted some papers onto the wood pile.

3) the fuel tank had gone off.

4) there wasn’t much anyone could do.

Ответ:

18 The narrator was surprised…

1) that Dad didn’t offer any plan.

2) when the bottle came to him.

3) that crickets were all around.

4) that there was not much to save from the fire.

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 10—18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.