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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank those authors and publishers who kindly gave permission for copyright material to be used in the Collins Corpus. We would also like to thank Times Newspapers Ltd for providing valuable data.
E-book Edition © July 2017
ISBN 9780008204327
Version: 2017-06-22
CONTENTS
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Introduction
Notes on the pronunciation of Welsh
Mutations
Abbreviations
WELSH-ENGLISH
Communicating in Welsh
ENGLISH-WELSH
About the Publisher
INTRODUCTION
The first Spurrell Welsh-English dictionary appeared in 1848 published by William Spurrell (1813–89) the Carmarthen printer and publisher. One of his sons, Walter Spurrell (1858–1934), joined his father in the business and the family firm published a series of distinguished Welsh-English, English-Welsh dictionaries and influential Welsh grammars during the latter part of the nineteenth century and the first half of the last century. William Spurrell was advised by and well-acquainted with Daniel Silvan Evans (1818–1903), one of the father figures of Welsh lexicography, sometime lecturer in Welsh at St David’s University College, Lampeter and the first professor of Welsh to be appointed by the University of Wales.
The Collins-Spurrell Welsh Dictionary was first published in 1960 and quickly became an essential tool of general reference for Welsh learners as well as those anxious to interpret literature. It was edited by Henry Lewis, Professor of Welsh Language and Literature at University College, Swansea, with valuable contributions from the staff of the Department of Welsh Language and Literature at St David’s University College, Lampeter.
D A THORNE
NOTES ON THE PRONUNCIATION OF WELSH
VOWELS
They are sounded, long or short, as the vowels in the English words given below.
| A | palm, pat. | |
| E | gate (without diphthongization), get. | |
| I | feet, fit. | |
| O | more, not. | |
| U | (1) | North Wales: like French u or German ü without rounding lips. |
| (2) | South Wales: as I. | |
| W | cool, full. | |
| Y | (1) | In monosyllables generally, and in final syllables, as U (the ‘clear’ sound). |
| (2) | In all but final syllables, and in y, yr (the), fy (my), dy (thy), yn, yng, ym (in), the adverbial yn, the preverbal and relative particle y, yr (y’m, y’th etc), syr (sir), nyrs (nurse), as English fun, (the ‘obscure’ sound). |
DIPHTHONGS
| 1 | Falling diphthongs, in which the second sound is consonantal: the two vowels have the sound noted above: ae, oe, ai, oi, the diphthong ei as English by, aw, ew, iw, ow, uw, ŵy, yw. |
| 2 | Rising diphthongs, in which the first sound is consonantal: ia, ie, io, iw, iy, (‘obscure’ y); wa, we, wi, wo, wy, (‘clear’ y), wy, (‘obscure’ y). |
CONSONANTS
Only those which differ from English need to be noted.
| CH | (following C in the alphabet), as Scottish loch. |
| DD | (following D in the alphabet), as th in English this, breathe. |
| F | as English v. |
| FF | as English f. |
| G | always as in English go. |
| NG | (following G in the alphabet), as in English sing. |
| In some words (e.g. dangos), however, it is sounded ng-g, as in English longer. Alphabetically this follows after N. | |
| LL | produced by placing the tongue to pronounce l, then emitting breath without voice. |
| PH | (following P in the alphabet), as English f. |
| TH | always as th in English thin. |
ACCENT
Welsh words are generally accented on the last syllable but one. There are certain exceptions:
| 1 | The reduplicated personal pronouns myfi, tydi, efe, efô, hyhi, nyni, chwychwi, hwynt-hwy, accented on the final syllable. |
| 2 | Verbs in -(h)au, -(h)oi, -eu, accented on the final syllable. |
| 3 | A few dissyllabic words beginning y + consonant, accented on the final syllable. |
| 4 | Certain polysyllabic words with a diphthong resulting in contraction in the final syllable, such as Cymraeg. |
| 5 | Some borrowed words accented as in the language of origin, generally English. |
MUTATIONS
Mutations, or letter changes, can occur at the beginning of Welsh words. Mutations are caused by the preceding word. There are three different mutations:
| Llythyren wreiddiol | Treiglad meddal | Treiglad trwynol | Treiglad llaes |
| Original letter | Soft mutation | Nasal mutation | Aspirate mutation |
| changes to: | changes to: | changes to: | |
| P | b | mh | ph |
| t | d | nh | th |
| c | g | ngh | ch |
| b | f | m | |
| d | dd | n | |
| g | - | ng | |
| ll | l | ||
| m | f | ||
| rh | r |
COMMON WORDS CAUSING SOFT MUTATION – TREIGLAD MEDDAL
| ei | his |
| dy | your |
| dau / dwy | two (masculine / feminine) |
| pa | which |
| neu | or |
| rhy | too |
| yn | before an adjective |
| Adjectives which come before the noun: | For example: |
| Mae’r hen ddyn yn byw yn y tŷ. | The old man lives in the house. |
| Dyma fy hoff gân. | This is my favourite song. |
| Some prepositions: | For example: |
| Mae’r bws yn mynd i Gaerdydd. | The bus is going to Cardiff. |
| Maen nhw’n chwarae dros dîm yr ysgol. | They play for the school team. |
| Certain words which come before a feminine noun: | |
| y and ’r | the |
| un | one |
| Mae castell yn y dref. | There’s a castle in town. |
| Mae’r ddinas wedi gwella. | The city has improved. |
| Dim ond un broblem sydd ar ôl. | There’s only one problem left. |
| Any feminine noun which has an adjective immediately after it: | |
| merch dda | a good girl |
COMMON WORDS CAUSING NASAL MUTATION – TREIGLAD TRWYNOL
| fy | my |
| yn | in |
COMMON WORDS CAUSING ASPIRATE MUTATION – TREIGLAD LLAES
| a | and |
| â | as/to/with |
| chwe | six |
| ei | her |
| gyda | with |
| tri | three |
| tua | approximately |
| ABBREVIATIONS | BYRFODDAU | |
| abbreviation | abbr | byrfodd |
| adjective | adj | ansoddair |
| anatomy | Anat | anatomeg |
| automobile | Aut | moduro |
| auxiliary verb | aux vb | berf atodol |
| British English | BRIT | Saesneg Prydain |
| collective noun | coll n | enw torfol |
| computing | Comput | cyfrifiadureg |
| conjunction | conj | cysylltiad |
| contraction | contr | cywasgiad |
| cookery | Culin | coginio |
| definite article | def art | bannod bendant |
| demonstrative | dem | dangosol |
| emphatic | emphat | pwyslais |
| exclamation | excl | ebychiad |
| formal | form | ffurfiol |
| (phrasal verb) where | fus | (berf ymadroddol) |
| the particle is | lle na all y | |
| inseparable | rhangymeriad gael | |
| ei wahanu | ||
| imperative | imper | gorchmynnol |
| indefinite article | indef art | bannod amhendant |
| indeterminate | indeter | amhenderfynadwy |
| colloquial usage | inf(!) | defnydd llafar |
| (offensive) | (anweddus) | |
| grammar, | Ling | gramadeg, |
| linguistics | ieithyddiaeth | |
| masculine | m | gwrywaidd |
| mathematics | Math | mathemateg |
| medical term | Med | term meddygol |
| modal auxiliary verb | mod aux vb | berf atodol moddol |
| music | Mus | cerddoriaeth |
| noun | n | enw |
| noun dual | nd | enw deuol |
| number | num | rhif |
| old-fashioned | old | hen ffasiwn |
| derogatory, | pej | difrïol |
| pejorative | ||
| plural | pl | lluosog |
| past participle | pp | rhangymeriad |
| gorffennol | ||
| politics | Pol | gwleidyddiaeth |
| prefix | pref | rhagddodiad |
| preposition | prep | arddodiad |
| pronoun | pron | rhagenw |
| past tense | pt | amser gorffennol |
| relative | rel | perthynol |
| singular | sing | unigol |
| Telecommunications | Tel | Telathrebu |
| American English | US | Saesneg America |
| verb | vb | berf |
| impersonal verb | vb imper | berf amhersonol |
| intransitive verb | vi | berf gyflawn |
| transitive verb | vt | berf anghyflawn |
WELSH–ENGLISH
A
B
C
CH
D
E
F
FF
G
H
I
J
L
LL
M
N
O
P
R
RH
S
T
TH
U
W
Y
a
a1 interrogative particle, preverbal particle, rel pron who, that, which
a2, ac conj and
a3 excl ah, oh
â1, ag conj as
â2, ag prep with
ab, ap nm son (before name, in place of surname, like ‘Mac’)
abad (-au) nm abbot
abadaeth (-au) nf abbacy, abbotship
abades (-au) nf abbess
abatir (-oedd) nm abbey-land
abaty (abatai) nm abbey
aber (-oedd, ebyr) nm confluence; mouth of river, estuary; brook, stream
aberfa (-oedd) nf mouth of river, estuary
abergofiant nm forgetfulness, oblivion
aberth (-au, ebyrth) nm sacrifice
aberthged nf oblation; offering of fruits
aberthol adj sacrificial
aberthu vb to sacrifice
aberthwr (-wyr) nm sacrificer
aberu vb to flow into
abid nmf apparel; dress of religious order
abiéc nmf alphabet
abl adj able; well-off
abladol adj ablative
abledd nm ability; plenty
abrwysg adj clumsy, drunken
absen nm absence; slander
absennol adj absent
absennu vb to backbite, to slander
absennwr (absenwyr) nm backbiter
absenoldeb nm absence
absenoli vb to absent
absenoliaeth (-au) nf absenteeism
abwyd, abwydyn (abwydod) nm worm; fishing-bait
ac, a conj and
academaidd adj academic
academi (-ïau) nm academy
acen (-ion) nf accent
aceniad nm accentuation
acennod nm accent mark
acennu vb to accent, to stress
acenyddiaeth nf accentuation
acer (-i) nf acre
aciwbigiad (-au) nm acupuncture
acne nm acne
acrilig adj acrylic
act (-au) nf act
actio vb to act
actor (-ion) nm actor
actores (-au) nf actress
acw adv there, yonder
ach1 excl ugh
ach2 (-au, -oedd) nf degree of kinship; (pl) pedigree, ancestry
aches nm tide, flood; eloquence
achfre nmf see achwre
achlân adv wholly, entirely
achles (-oedd) nf succour, protection; manure
achlesol adj succouring
achlesu vb to succour, to cherish
achlod nm shame, disgrace
achlust nm rumour
achlysur (-on) nm occasion
achlysurol adj occasional
achos1 (-ion) nm cause, case
achos2 conj because, for
achosi vb to cause
achres (-i, -au) nf genealogical table
achub vb to seize, to snatch; to save, to rescue; achub y blaen to forestall; achub y cyfle to seize the opportunity
achubiaeth nf salvation
achubol adj saving
achubwr (-wyr), achubydd (-ion) nm saviour, rescuer
achul adj thin, emaciated
achwre, achfre nmf under-thatch, protection; covering, garment
achwyn vb to complain ▶ nm (-ion) complaint, plaint
achwyniad (-au) nm complaint, accusation
achwynwr (-wyr) nm complainer; complainant, plaintiff
achwynyddes (-au) nf complainant
achydd (-ion) nm genealogist
achyddiaeth nf genealogy
achyddol adj genealogical
achwyngar adj querulous
ad- prefix very; second; bad, re-
adail nf building, edifice, structure
adain, aden (adenydd) nf wing; fin; spoke
adamant nm adamant, diamond
adamantaidd adj adamantine
adar npl (nm aderyn) birds, fowls; adar drudwy, adar yr eira starlings; adar y to sparrows
adara vb to catch birds, to fowl
adardy (-dai) nm aviary
adareg nf ornithology
adargi (-gwn) nm retriever, setter, spaniel
adargraffiad (-au) nm reprint
adarwr (-wyr) nm fowler
adarwriaeth nf fowling
adarydd (-ion) nm ornithologist
adarydda n birdwatching ▶ vb to go birdwatching
adaryddiaeth nf ornithology
ad-dalu vb to repay, to requite
ad-drefnu vb to rearrange
adeg (-au) nf time, occasion, opportunity
adeilad (-au) nmf building, edifice
adeiladaeth nf building; edification, construction
adeiladol adj edifying, constructive
adeiladu vb to build, to edify
adeiladwaith nm construction
adeiladwr (-wyr), adeiladydd (-ion) nm builder
adeiledd nm structure
adeiniog adj winged
aden (-ydd, edyn) nf wing; see also adain
adenedigaeth nf regeneration
adeni vb to regenerate
adennill vb to regain, to recover
aderyn (adar) nm bird
adfach (-au) nm barb; liver-fluke
adfail (-feilion) nm ruin
adfeddiannu vb to repossess
adfeiliad nm decay, ruin
adfeiliedig adj decayed, in ruins
adfeilio vb to decay, to moulder
Adfent nm Advent
adfer, adferu, adferyd vb to restore
adferf (-au) nf adverb
adferfol adj adverbial
adferiad nm restoration
adferol adj restorative; remedial
adferwr (-wyr) nm restorer
adflas nm after-taste, bad taste
adfyd nm adversity
adfydus adj adverse, miserable
adfynach nm renegade monk
adfyw adj half alive, half dead
adfywhau vb to revive, to reanimate
adfywiad (-au) nm revival
adfywio vb to revive, to resuscitate
adfywiol adj refreshing
adiad nm drake
adio nm addition ▶ vb to add
adiolyn (adiolion) nm additive
adladd, adlodd nm aftermath
adlais (-leisiau) nm echo
adlam (-au) nm home; rebound; cic adlam drop-kick
adlamu vb to rebound
adleisio vb to resound
adlewyrch, adlewyrchiad (adlewyrchiadau) nm reflection
adlewyrchu vb to reflect
adlewyrchydd (-ion) nm reflector
adlog (-au) nm compound interest
adloniadol adj of or for entertainment
adloniant nm recreation, entertainment
adlonni vb to entertain, to refresh
adlunio vb to remodel, to reconstruct
adnabod vb to know, to recognize
adnabyddiaeth nf knowledge, acquaintance
adnabyddus adj known, familiar; well-known
adnabyddwr nm knower
adnau (adneuon) nm deposit, pledge; ar adnau on deposit
adneuo vb to deposit
adneuol adj depositing
adneuwr (-wyr) nm depositor
adnewyddadwy adj renewable
adnewyddiad (-au) nm renewal, renovation
adnewyddu vb to renew, to renovate
adnewyddwr (-wyr) nm renewer, renovator
adnod (-au) nf verse
adnoddau npl resources
adolygiad (-au) nm review
adolygu vb to review
adolygydd (-ion) nm reviewer
adran (-nau) nf division, section, department
adref adv homewards, home
Adriatig nm: yr Adriatig the Adriatic (Sea)
adrodd vb to relate, to recite
adroddgan (-au) nf recitative
adroddiad (-au) nm report; recitation
adroddwr (-wyr) nm narrator, reciter
aduniad nm reunion
aduno vb to reunite
adwaith (-weithiau) nm reaction
adweithio vb to react
adweithiol adj reactionary
adweithydd (-ion) nm reactor
adwerthu vb to retail
adwr nm coward, churl
adwy (-au, -on) nf gap, breach; pass
adwyth (-au) nm evil, misfortune, illness
adwythig adj cruel; evil, baneful; sore, sick; harmful
adyn (-od) nm wretch
adysgrif (-au) nf copy, transcript
adysgrifio vb to copy, to transcribe
addas adj suitable, proper
addasiad (-au) nm adjustment, adaptation
addasrwydd nm suitableness, fitness
addasu vb to suit, to adapt, to fit
addawol adj promising
addef vb to acknowledge, to own, to admit
addefiad nm admission, confession
addewid (-ion) nf promise
addfain adj slender, shapely
addfed adj see aeddfed
addfwyn adj gentle, meek, mild
addfwynder nm gentleness, meekness
addien adj fair, beautiful
addo vb to promise
addod nm: wy addod nest-egg
addoed nm death, hurt
addoedi vb to delay, to postpone
addoediad nm prorogation
addoer adj sad, cruel; chilling
addoldy (-dai) nm place of worship
addolgar adj devout, reverent
addolgarwch nm devoutness, reverence
addoli vb to worship, to adore
addoliad nm worship
addolwr (-wyr) nm worshipper
adduned (-au) nf vow
addunedu vb to vow
addurn (-au, -iadau) nm ornament, adornment
addurnedig adj decorated
addurniad nm ornamentation
addurno vb to decorate, to adorn, to ornament
addurnol adj ornamental, decorative
addurnwr (-wyr) nm decorator
addysg nf education, instruction; addysg gorfforol PE; addysg uwch higher education
addysgiadol adj instructive, educational
addysgiaeth nf instruction, training
addysgol adj educational
addysgu vb to educate, to instruct
addysgwr (-wyr), addysgydd (-ion) nm educator, instructor, tutor
aeddfed adj ripe, mature
aeddfedrwydd nm ripeness, maturity
aeddfedu vb to ripen; to mature
ael (-iau) nf brow
aele adj sad, wretched
aelod (-au) nm member, limb; Aelod Seneddol Member of Parliament
aelodaeth nf membership
aelodi vb to become a member; to enrol
aelwyd (-ydd) nf hearth, fireside
aer1 (-ion) nm heir
aer2 nm air
aerdymheru nm air conditioning
aeres (-au) nf heiress
aerfa nf slaughter, battle
aerglo nm air-lock
aerobeg nm aerobics
aeron npl fruit, fruits, berries
aerwy (-au, -on) nm collar, torque; neck-chain
aes nf shield
aestheteg nf aesthetics
aesthetig adj aesthetic
aeth nm pain, grief, fear, shock
aethnen nf aspen, poplar
aethus adj poignant, grievous, severe
afal (-au) nm apple
afallen (-nau) nf apple-tree
afan npl (nf -en) raspberries
afanc (-od) nm beaver
afiach adj unwell, unhealthy, morbid
afiachus adj sickly; unwholesome
afiaith nm zest, mirth, glee
afiechyd (-on) nm disease, malady
afieithus adj mirthful, gleeful
aflafar adj harsh, unmelodious
aflan adj unclean, polluted, foul
aflawen adj fierce; sad, cheerless, dismal; awful
aflednais adj immodest, indelicate
afledneisrwydd nm immodesty, indelicacy
aflem adj obtuse
aflendid nm uncleanness; pollution
aflêr adj untidy, slovenly
aflerwch nm untidiness, slovenliness
afles nm disadvantage, hurt
aflesol adj disadvantageous, unprofitable
afliwiog adj pale, colourless
aflonydd adj unquiet, restless
aflonyddu vb to disturb, to molest
aflonyddwch nm disturbance, unrest
aflonyddwr (-wyr) nm disturber
afloyw adj turbid; opaque
afluniaidd adj mis-shapen, deformed
aflunio vb to disfigure, to deform
aflwydd nm misfortune, calamity
aflwyddiannus adj unsuccessful
aflwyddiant nm failure
aflwyddo vb to fail
aflywodraeth nf misrule, anarchy
aflywodraethus adj ungovernable, uncontrollable
afocado (-s) nm avocado
afon (-ydd) nf river
afonig nf rivulet, streamlet, brook
afradlon adj wasteful, prodigal
afradlonedd nm prodigality
afradloni, afradu vb to waste, to lavish, to squander
afraid adj unnecessary, needless ▶ nm superfluity
afrasol adj graceless, impious
afrealaidd, afrealistig adj unrealistic
afreidiol adj needless, superfluous
afreol nf misrule, disorder
afreolaidd adj irregular; disorderly
afreoleidd-dra nm irregularity
afreolus adj unruly, disorderly
afreswm nm absurdity
afresymegol adj illogical
afresymol adj unreasonable
afresymoldeb nm unreasonableness
afrifed adj innumerable
afrllad (-au), afrlladen (-nau) nf wafer
afrosgo adj clumsy, unwieldy
afrwydd adj difficult, stiff, awkward
afrwyddineb nm difficulty
afrwyddo vb to obstruct, to hinder
afrywiog adj perverse, cross-grained, improper
afrywiogrwydd nm churlishness, roughness
afu nmf liver; afu (g)las gizzard
afwyn (-au) nf rein
affeithiad nm affection (in grammar)
Affganistan nf Afghanistan
afflau nm grip, hug, embrace
affliw nm shred, particle
Affrica nf Africa
Affricanaidd adj African
Affricanwr (-wyr) nm African
affwysol nm abysmal
ag, â conj as ▶ prep with
agen (-nau) nf cleft, chink, fissure
agendor nmf gulf, abyss
agennu vb to split, to crack
ager, agerdd nm steam, vapour
agerfad (-au) nm steamboat
agerlong (-au) nf steamship, steamer
ageru vb to steam, to evaporate
agerw adj bitter, fierce
agor, agoryd vb to open, to expand
agorawd (-au) nf overture
agored adj open; liable
agorfa (-oedd) nf opening, orifice
agoriad (-au) nm opening; key
agoriadol adj opening, inaugural
agorwr (-wyr), agorydd (-ion) nm opener; agorwr tuniau can-opener
agos adj near, nigh
agosaol adj approaching
agosatrwydd nm intimacy
agosáu vb to draw near, to approach
agosrwydd nm nearness, proximity
agwedd (-au) nf form; aspect; attitude
agweddi nm dowry, marriage gift
agwrdd adj strong, mighty
angall adj unwise, foolish
angau nmf death
angel (angylion, engyl) nm angel
angen (anghenion) nm need, want; anghenion arbennig special needs
angenrheidiol adj necessary, needful
angenrheidrwydd nm necessity
angerdd nm heat; passion; force
angerddol adj ardent, intense, passionate
angerddoldeb nm vehemence, intensity
anghaffael nm mishap; defect, flaw
anghallineb nm unwisdom, imprudence
angharedig adj unkind
angharedigrwydd nm unkindness
anghelfydd adj unskilful, clumsy
anghenfil (angenfilod) nm monster
anghenraid (angenrheidiau) nm necessity
anghenus adj needy, necessitous, indigent
angheuol adj deadly, mortal, fatal
anghlod nm dispraise, dishonour
anghoelio vb to disbelieve
anghofiedig adj forgotten
anghofio vb to forget
anghofrwydd nm forgetfulness
anghofus adj forgetful, oblivious
anghred nf unbelief, infidelity
anghredadun (anghredinwyr) nm unbeliever
anghrediniaeth nf unbelief, infidelity
anghrediniol adj unbelieving
anghredu vb to disbelieve
anghrefyddol adj irreligious
anghryno adj incompact, prolix
anghwrtais adj discourteous
anghwrteisi nm discourtesy
anghydbwysedd nm imbalance
anghydfod nm disagreement, discord
Anghydffurfiaeth nf Nonconformity
Anghydffurfiwr (-wyr) nm Nonconformist
anghydnaws adj uncongenial
anghydsynio vb to dissent, to disagree
anghydweddol adj incompatible
anghyfaddas adj unsuitable, unfit
anghyfaddasu vb to disqualify
anghyfamodol adj uncovenanted
anghyfanhedd-dra nm desolation
anghyfanheddle (-aneddleoedd) nm desolate place
anghyfanheddol adj desolating; desert
anghyfannedd adj uninhabited, desert
anghyfansoddiadol adj unconstitutional
anghyfartal adj unequal, uneven
anghyfartaledd nm disparity
anghyfarwydd adj unfamiliar, unskilled
anghyfeillgar adj unfriendly
anghyfiaith adj foreign, alien
anghyfiawn adj unjust, unrighteous
anghyfiawnder nm injustice
anghyflawn adj incomplete
anghyfleus adj inconvenient
anghyfleustra (-terau) nm inconvenience
anghyflogaeth nm unemployment
anghyfnewidiol adj immutable
anghyfraith nf transgression, crime
anghyfranogol adj incommunicable
anghyfreithlon adj unlawful, illegal, illegitimate
anghyfrifol adj irresponsible
anghyffredin adj uncommon, rare
anghyffwrdd adj intangible
anghyffyrddus adj uncomfortable
anghymedrol adj immoderate
anghymen adj rash, coarse, untidy
anghymeradwy adj unacceptable
anghymeradwyo vb to disapprove
anghymesur adj inordinate
anghymharol adj incomparable
anghymharus adj ill-matched
anghymhendod nm foolishness, indelicacy, untidiness
anghymhwyso vb to unfit, to disqualify
anghymhwyster nm incapacity, disqualification
anghymodlon adj implacable
anghymwys adj unfit, unsuitable
anghynefin adj unfamiliar
anghynefindra nm unfamiliarity
anghynhyrchiol adj unproductive
anghynnes adj odious, loathsome
anghysbell adj out-of-the-way; remote
anghyson adj inconsistent
anghysondeb (-au), anghysonder (-au) nm inconsistency
anghysur (-on) nm discomfort
anghysuro vb to discomfort
anghysurus adj uncomfortable
anghytbwys adj unbalanced, lopsided
anghytgord (-iau) nm discord, dissension
anghytûn adj not agreeing, discordant
anghytundeb nm disagreement
anghytuno vb to disagree
anghywair adj ill-equipped; discordant ▶ nm disrepair
anghyweithas adj uncivil
anghywir adj incorrect, inaccurate, false
anghywirdeb (-au) nm inaccuracy, falseness
anghywrain adj unskilful; slovenly
angladd (-au) nmf burial, funeral
angladdol adj funereal
angof nm forgetfulness, oblivion
angor (-au, -ion) nm anchor
angorfa (-oedd, -feydd) nf anchorage
angori vb to anchor
angylaidd adj angelic
angyles (-au) nf female angel
ai1 adv is it? what?; ai e? is it so?
ai2 conj or; either; if
AID nm AIDS
aidd nm zeal, ardour, zest
Aifft nf: yr Aifft Egypt
aig1, eigiau nf host, shoal
aig2 nf sea, ocean
ail adj second ▶ adv a second time, again
ailadrodd vb to repeat
ailadroddiad (-au) nm repetition
ailarholiad (-au) nm resit
ailbriodi vb to remarry
aildrydanu vb to recharge
ailenedigaeth nf rebirth
aileni vb to regenerate
Ailfedyddiwr (-wyr) nm Anabaptist
ailgylchu vb to recycle ▶ n recycling
ailgynnig (ailgynigion) nm resit
ail-law adj second-hand
ail-lenwi vb to top up, to refill
ailsefyll vb to resit
aillt nm vassal, villain, slave
ais npl (nf eisen) laths; ribs
alaeth nm wailing, lamentation, grief
alaethu vb to lament
alaethus adj mournful, lamentable
alarch (-od, elyrch) nm swan
alaru vb to surfeit; to loathe
alaw (-on) nf lily; air, melody, tune
Alban nf: yr Alban Scotland
Albanwr (-wyr) nm Scot
alcali (-ïau) nm alkali
alcam nm tin
alcohol nm alcohol
alch (-au, eilch) nf grate, grill
ale (-au, -on) nf aisle; gangway; alley
algebra nm algebra
Algeraidd adj Algerian
Algeria nf Algeria
Algeriad (-iaid) nm Algerian
Almaen nf: yr Almaen Germany
Almaeneg nf German
Almaenwr (-wyr) nm German
almon nm almond
aloi (aloeon) nm alloy
Alpau npl: yr Alpau the Alps
Alzheimer nm: clefyd Alzheimer Alzheimer’s (disease)
allan adv out
allanfa nf exit
allanol adj outward, external
allblyg adj extrovert
allbrint (-iau) nm printout
allforio vb to export
allfro nf foreigner; foreign land
allfudwr (-wyr) nm emigrant
allgarwch nm altruism
allgofnodi vb to log off, to log out
allor (-au) nf altar
allt (elltydd) nf hill; cliff; wood
alltud (-ion) nm alien; exile
alltudiaeth nf banishment, exile
alltudio vb to banish, to exile
allwedd (-au, -i) nf key, clef (in music)
allweddell nf keyboard
am1 prep round, about; for; at; on ▶ conj for, because; so long as
am2 see ym
amaeth nm husbandman; agriculture
amaethdy (-dai) nm farm-house
amaethu vb to farm, to till
amaethwr (-wyr) nm farmer
amaethwraig nf farm-wife
amaethyddiaeth nf agriculture
amaethyddol adj agricultural
amarch nm disrespect, dishonour
amau vb to doubt, to suspect ▶ nm (-heuon) doubt
ambell adj occasional; ambell waith sometimes
amcan (-ion) nm purpose, aim; guess; ar amcan at random, approximately, at a guess
amcangyfrif vb to estimate ▶ nm (-on) estimate
amcanu vb to purpose; to aim; to guess
amdo (-oeau) nm shroud, winding-sheet
amdoi vb to shroud, to enshroud
amdorch (-dyrch) nf chaplet, wreath
amddifad adj destitute, orphan
amddifadrwydd nm destitution, privation
amddifadu vb to bereave, to deprive
amddifaty (-tai) nm orphanage
amddifedi nm destitution, privation
amddiffyn vb to defend, to protect, to shield ▶ nm (addiffynion) defence
amddiffynfa (-feydd) nf fortress
amddiffyniad nm protection, defence
amddiffynnwr (-wyr), amddiffynyddion nm defender, protector
amddyfrwys adj mighty, rugged; marshy
America Ladin nf Latin America
Amerig nf: yr Amerig America
amfesur (-au) nm perimeter
amgáu vb to enclose, to shut in
amgen adj, adv other, else, otherwise; different; nid amgen that is to say, namely
amgenach adj, adv otherwise; better
amgueddfa (-feydd) nf museum
amgyffred vb to comprehend, to comprise ▶ nm (-ion) comprehension
amgyffrediad nm comprehension
amgylch (-oedd) nm circuit; environs, surroundings; o (oddi) amgylch round about, about
amgylchedd nm circumference; environment
amgylcheddol adj environmental; yn amgylcheddol environmentally; amgylcheddol garedig environmentally friendly
amgylchfyd nm environment
amgylchiad (-au) nm circumstance; occasion
amgylchiadol adj circumstantial
awyru vb to air, to ventilate
b
baban (-od) adj baby
babanaidd adj babyish
babandod nm babyhood, infancy
babi nm baby
bacas (bacs(i)au) nf footless stocking; hair on horse’s fetlocks
baco nm tobacco
bacwn nm bacon
bach1 (-au) nm hook; bachau petryal square brackets
bach2 adj little, small
bachell (-au, -ion) nf nook, corner; snare
bachgen (bechgyn) nm boy
bachgendod nm boyhood
bachgennaidd adj boyish
bachgennyn (bechgynnos) nm little boy
bachigyn (bachigion) nm little bit, diminutive
bachog adj hooked
bachu vb to hook, to grapple
bachwr (-wyr) nm hooker (in rugby)
bad (-au) nm boat; bad achub lifeboat
badwr (-wyr) nm boatman
badd (-au), baddon (-au) nm bath
bae (-au) nm bay
baedd (-od) nm boar
baeddu vb to beat, to buffet; to soil
baetio vb to bait, to maltreat
bag (-iau) nm bag; bag aer, bag awyr airbag
bagad (-au) nm cluster; troop, multitude
bagl (-aul) nf crook; crutch; leg
baglor (-ion) nf bachelor
bagloriaeth nf bachelorship
baglu vb to entangle, to ensnare, to trip
bai (beiau) nm fault, vice; defect; blame
baich (beichiau) nm burden, load
bais nm bottom, ford; walking
bala nm efflux of river from lake
balch adj proud; glad; delighted
balchder nm pride
balchdra nm joy, gladness
balchïo vb to pride
baldordd nm babble, balderdash
baldorddi vb to babble
bale nm ballet
baled (-i) nf ballad
baledwr (-wyr) nm ballad-monger
balm nm balm
balmaidd adj balmy
balog (-au, -ion) nf fly, cod-piece; flap
balleg nf hamper, net, purse
ballegrwyd (-au) nf drag-net
ban (-nau) nmf peak; horn; corner; stanza
banadl npl (nf -hadlen) broom
banc1 (-iau) nm bank
banc2 (bencydd) nm bank, mound, hill
bancaw (-iau) nm band, tuft
band (-iau) nm band; band eang, band llydan broadband
baner (-au, -i) nf banner, flag
banerog adj with banners, bannered
banerwr (-wyr) nm standard-bearer; ensign
banffagl (-au) nf bonfire, blaze
bangaw adj eloquent, melodious, skilful
Bangladesh nf Bangladesh
bangor (-au, bangyr) nfm upper row of rods in wattle fence; monastery
baniar (-ieri) nm shout; banner
banllawr (-lloriau) nm platform
banllef (-au) nf loud shout
bannod (banodau) nf article
bannog adj elevated, conspicuous; horned
bar (-rau) nm bar
bâr nm fury, greed
bara nm bread
barbaraidd adj barbarous
barbareidd-dra nm barbarity
barbareiddio vb to barbarize
barbariad (-iaid) nm barbarian
barbariaeth nm barbarism
barbwr (-wyr) nm barber
barcer (-iaid) nm tanner
barclod (-iau) nm apron
barcud (-iaid), barcutan (-od) nm kite
barcut nm kite
barcuta vb to hang-glide
bardd (beirdd) nm bard, poet
barddas nfm bardism
barddol adj bardic
barddoni vb to compose poetry, to poetize
barddoniaeth nf poetry, verse
barddonol adj poetic, poetical
barf (-au) nf beard, whiskers
barfog adj bearded
bargeinio, bargenna vb to bargain
bargen (-einion) nf bargain
bargod (-ion) nm eaves
bargyfreithiwr (-wyr) nm barrister
bariaeth nmf evil, grief, wrath; greed
baril (-au) nf barrel
barilaid (-eidiau) nf barrelful
bario vb to bar, to bolt
barlad nm drake
barlys nm barley
barn (-au) nf judgment; opinion; sentence
barnais nf varnish
barnedigaeth (-au) nf judgment
barneisio vb to varnish
barnol adj judicial, condemnatory, annoying
barnu vb to judge
barnwr (-wyr) nm judge
baromedr nm barometer
barrug nm hoar-frost
barugo vb to cast hoar-frost
barugog adj white with hoar-frost
barus adj voracious, greedy
barwn (-iaid) nm baron
barwnes (-au) nf baroness
barwniaeth (-au) nf barony
barwnig (-iaid) nm baronet
bas1 adj shallow ▶ npl (bais, beis) shallows
bas2 adj, nm bass
basged (-i, -au) nf basket
basgedaid (-eidiau) nf basketful
basgedwr (-wyr) nm basket-maker
basil nm basil
basn (-au, -ys) nm basin
bastard (-iaid) nm bastard
bastardiaeth nf bastardy
batio vb to bat
batri nm battery
bath (-au) nm kind, sort; stamp; coin
bathdy (-dai) nm mint
bathodyn (-nau) nm medal, badge
bathol adj coin, coined
bathu vb to coin
baw nm dirt, mire, dung, filth
bawaidd adj dirty, vile; sordid, mean
bawd (bodiau) nf thumb, toe
bechan adj f of bychan
bechgynnos npl little boys, youngsters
bedw npl (nf -en) birch
bedydd nm baptism
bedyddfa (-fâu, -feydd) nf baptistry
bedyddfaen (-feini) nm font
bedyddio vb to baptize
bedyddiol adj baptismal; baptized
Bedyddiwr (-wyr) nm Baptist
bedd (-au) nm grave, tomb, sepulchre
beddargraff (-iadau) nm epitaph
beddfaen (-feini) nm tombstone
beddgell (-oedd) nf vault, catacomb
beddrod (-au) nm tomb, sepulchre
Beibl (-au) nm Bible
Beiblaidd adj Biblical
beic (-iau) nm bike; beic modur motorbike; beic mynydd mountain bike
beicio vb to cycle
beiciwr, beicwr (-wyr) nm cyclist; beiciwr modur motorcyclist
beichio vb to burden; to low; to sob
beichiog adj pregnant
beichiogi vb to conceive
beichus adj burdensome, oppressive
beiddgar adj daring, audacious; outrageous
beiddgarwch nm daring, audacity
beiddio vb to dare, to presume
beili (beilïaid) nm bailiff
beio vb to blame, to censure
beirniad (-iaid) nm adjudicator; critic
beirniadaeth (-au) nf adjudication; criticism
beirniadol adj critical
beirniadu vb to adjudicate; to criticize
beisgawn (-au) nf stack, heap of corn sheaves
beiston nf sea-shore, beach; surf
beius adj faulty; blameworthy
bellach adv now, at length
bendigaid, bendigedig adj blessed
bendigedigrwydd nm blessedness
bendith (-ion) nf blessing, benediction
bendithio vb to bless
bendithiol adj conferring blessings
benthyca, benthycio vb to borrow, to lend
benthyciad nm loan
benthyciwr (-wyr) nm borrower, lender
benthyg nm loan
benyw adj female ▶ nf (-od) female, woman
benywaidd adj feminine; effeminate
benywol adj feminine, female
ber adj f of byr
bêr (berau, -i) nm spear; roasting-spit
bera nfm rick; pyramid
berdys npl (nm -yn, nf -en) shrimps
berf (-au) nf verb; berf anghyflawn transitive verb; berf gyflawn intransitive verb
berfa (-fâu, -feydd) nf barrow
Berlin nf Berlin
berth adj beautiful, valuable
berthog adj wealthy, fair
berw nm, adj boiling, seething, ebullition
berwedig adj boiling
berwedydd (-ion) nm boiler
berwedd-dy (-dai) nm brewery
berweddu vb to brew
berwi vb to boil, to seethe, to effervesce
berwr coll n cress
betgwn nmf nightgown
betws nm oratory, chapel; birch grove
betys npl beetroot
beudy (-dai) nm cow-house, byre
beunoeth, beunos adv nightly, every night
beunydd adv daily, every day, always
beunyddiol adj daily, quotidian
bidog (-au) nf dagger; bayonet
bing (-oedd) nm alley, bin
bil (-iau) nm bill
bilidowcar nm cormorant
bilwg (-ygau) nm billhook
bin (-iau) nm: bin sbwriel litter bin
biocemeg nfm biochemistry
bioleg nf biology
bir (-oedd) nm beer
bisgeden nf biscuit, cracker
biswail nm dung
blaen adj fore, foremost, first; front ▶ nm (-au, -ion) point, end, top, tip; front, van, priority, precedence; edge
blaenasgellwr (-wyr) nm wing-forward
blaenbrawf (-brofion) nm foretaste
blaendal nm prepayment, deposit
blaendarddu vb to sprout
blaendir nm foreground
blaenddalen (-nau) nf title page
blaenddodi vb to prefix
blaenddodiad (-iaid) nm prefix
blaenffrwyth nm first-fruits
blaengar adj prominent, progressive
blaengroen (-grwyn) nm foreskin
blaenllaw adj forward, prominent
blaenllym adj sharp, keen
blaenllymu adj sharpen, whet
blaenor (-iaid) nm leader; elder
blaenori vb to lead, to precede
blaenoriaeth nf preference; precedence
blaenorol adj previous, antecedent
blaenu vb to point; to outrun; to precede
blaenwr (-wyr) nm leader; forward
blagur coll n sprouts, buds, shoots
blaguro vb to sprout, to bud; to flourish
blaguryn nm sprout, bud, shoot
blaidd (bleiddiaid, bleiddiau) nm wolf
blas nm taste, savour, relish
blasio, blasu vb to taste
blasus adj tasty, savoury, delicious
blawd (blodion, -iau) nm flour, meal
blêr adj untidy, slovenly
blerwm nm blabberer
blew npl (nm -yn) hairs; hair; fur
blewog adj hairy, shaggy
blewyn nm straw
bliant nm lawn, fine linen
blif (-iau) nm catapult
blingo vb to skin, to flay
blin adj tired, weary; peevish, irritable
blinder (-au) nm weariness; trouble
blinderog, blinderus adj wearisome
blinfyd nm tribulation
blino vb to tire, to weary; to trouble, to vex
blith (-ion) nm milk ▶ adj milch
blith draphlith adv helter-skelter
bloc (-iau) nm: bloc swyddfeydd office block
blodeugerdd (-i) nf anthology
blodeuglwm nm bunch, nosegay
blodeuo vb to flower, to bloom, to flourish
blodeuog adj flowery; flourishing
blodeuyn, blodyn (blodau) nm flower
blodfresychen nf cauliflower
blodiog adj floury, mealy
bloddest nf rejoicing, acclamation
bloedd (-iau, -iadau) nf shout
bloeddio, bloeddian vb to shout, to cry
bloeddiwr (-wyr) nm shouter
bloesg adj lisping, faltering, indistinct
bloesgi vb to lisp, to falter, to speak indistinctly
blog (-iau) nm blog
blogio vb to blog
blogiwr (-wyr) nm blogger
blwch (blychau) nm box; blwch postio mailbox
blwng adj angry, sullen, cheerless ▶ nm anger
blwydd (-au, -i) nf, adj year of age; year-old
blwydd-dal nm annuity, pension
blwyddiad (-iaid) nm yearling, annual
blwyddiadur (-on) nm yearbook, annual
blwyddyn (blynyddoedd) nf year; blwyddyn bwlch gap year
blychaid (-eidiau) nm boxful
blynedd npl years (after numerals)
blynyddol adj annual, yearly
blys (-iau) nm craving, lust
blysig adj greedy, lustful
blysigrwydd nm greediness
blysio vb to crave, to lust
bocs (-ys) nm box
bocsach nm vaunt, boast, brag
bocsio vb to box
bocsiwr (-wyr) nm boxer
boch (-au) nf cheek
bochdew nf hamster
bochgoch adj rosy-cheeked
bod vb to be, to exist ▶ nm (-au) being, existence; Y Bod Mawr God
bod(olaeth) nm(f) existence
boda nmf buzzard
bodio vb to thumb, to finger
bodlon adj content, willing
bodloni vb to satisfy, to content; to be content
bodlonrwydd nm contentment
bodoli vb to exist
bodd nm pleasure, will, consent
boddfa nf flood, drenching
boddhad nm pleasure, satisfaction
boddhaol adj pleasing, satisfactory
boddhau vb to please, to satisfy
boddhaus adj pleased
boddi vb to drown; to flood
boddio vb to please, to satisfy
boddlon see bodlon
bogail (-eiliau) nmf navel; boss, hub
boglwm (boglymau), boglyn (-nau) nm boss, knob, stud, bud, bubble
bol, bola (boliau) nm belly
bolaid (-eidiau) nm bellyful
bolera vb to gorge, to guzzle; to sponge
bolerwr (-wyr) nm sponge, parasite
bolgi (-gwn) nm gourmand, glutton
bolheulo vb to bask in the sun
bolio vb to belly, to gorge
boliog adj big-bellied, corpulent
boloch nm pain, anxiety, destruction
bolrwth adj gluttonous, greedy
bolrwym adj costive, constipated
bolsothach, bolysothach nm hotchpotch; jargon
bolwst nfm gripes, colic
bollt (-au, -ydd, byllt) nf bolt
bom (-iau) nmf bomb
bomio vb to bomb
bomiwr (-wyr) nm bomber; bomiwr hunanleiddiol suicide bomber
bôn (bonau, bonion) nm bottom; stump; yn y bôn basically
boncath (-od) nm buzzard
bonclust (-iau) nm box on the ear
boncyff (-ion) nm stump, trunk, stock
bondigrybwyll adv forsooth ▶ adj hardly mentionable
bondo nm eaves
bonedd nm gentility, nobility
boneddigaidd adj noble; gentlemanly
boneddigeiddrwydd nm gentlemanliness
boneddiges (-au) nf lady
bonesig nf lady; Miss
bonet (-i) nf bonnet
bonheddig adj noble, gentle, gentlemanly
bonheddwr (-wyr) nm gentleman
bonllef (-au) nf shout
bonllwm adj bare-bottomed; bare-backed
Bonn nf Bonn
bonyn (bonion) nm stump
bord (-ydd, -au) nf table, board
bordhwylio vb to windsurf
bore (-au) nm morning ▶ adj early
boreddydd nm day-break, morning
borefwyd nm breakfast
boreol adj morning
bors nf hernia
bos nf palm of the hand, fist
Bosnia nf Bosnia
bost (-iau) nm boast, brag
bostio vb to boast, to brag
botas, en (-asau) nf boot
botwm (-ymau) nm button
botymog adj buttoned
botymu vb to button
both (-au) nf nave of wheel; boss
bowlio vb to bowl
brac adj free, frank, talkative
bracso vb to wade, to paddle
bracty (-tai) nm malt-house, brewery
brad (-au) nm treason; plot
bradfwriadu vb to plot, to conspire
bradlofrudd (-ion) nm assassin
bradlofruddiaeth (-au) nf assassination
bradlofruddio vb to assassinate
bradwr (-wyr) nm traitor
bradwriaeth (-au) nf treason, treachery
bradwrus adj traitorous, treacherous
bradychu vb to betray
braen adj rotten, corrupt
braenar (-au) nm fallow
braenaru vb to fallow, to pioneer
braenu vb to rot, to putrify
braf adj fine
brag nm malt
bragad nf army, battle; offspring
bragaldian vb to jabber, to gabble, to prate
bragio vb to brag, to boast
bragiwr (-wyr) nm bragger, boaster
bragu vb to malt, to brew
bragwair nm moorland hay, coarse grass
bragwr (-wyr) nm maltster, brewer
braich (breichiau) nf arm; branch, handle; headland
braidd adv rather, somewhat
braint (breintiau) nf privilege
braisg adj gross, thick, large; pregnant
braith adj f of brith
brân (brain) nf crow, rook, raven
bras (breision) adj fat; coarse; rich; luxuriant
brasáu vb to grow fat or gross
brasbwytho vb to baste, to tack
brasgamu vb to stride
Brasil nf Brazil
braslun (-iau) nm sketch, outline
braslun bywyd nm curriculum vitae
braslunio vb to sketch, to outline
brasnaddu vb to rough-hew
braster nm fat
brasterog adj fat, greasy
brat (-iau) nm rag, clout; pinafore
bratiaith nf debased language
bratiog adj ragged, tattered
brath (-au) nm stab, wound; sting; bite
brathog adj that bites; biting
brathu vb to stab, to wound; to sting; to bite
brau adj brittle, frail, fragile; kindly; prompt
braw (-iau) nm terror, dread, fright
brawd1 (brodyr) nm brother; friar; brawd yng nghyfraith brother-in-law
brawd2 (brodiau) nf judgment
brawdgarwch nm brotherly love
brawdmaeth nm foster-brother
brawdol adj brotherly, fraternal
brawdoliaeth (-au) nf brotherhood, fraternity
brawddeg (-au) nf sentence
brawddegu vb to construct sentences
brawl nm boast, brag; gabble, tattle
brawychu vb to frighten, to terrify
brawychus adj frightful, terrible
brawychwr nm terrorist
bre (-on, -oedd) nf hill, highland
brebwl (-yliaid) nm blockhead; prattler
brêc nm brake
breci nm wort; spree
brecio vb to brake
brecwast (-au) nmf breakfast
brecwasta vb to breakfast
brech1 nf eruption, pox; brech yr ieir chickenpox
brech2 adj f of brych
brechdan (-au) nf slice of bread and butter
brechiad (-au) nm inoculation, vaccination
brechu vb to vaccinate, to inoculate
bredych (-au, -ion) nm betrayal; fear; rascal
bref (-iadau) nf lowing; bleat; bray
breferad (-au) nm bellowing
brefiad (-au) nm lowing; bleating
brefu vb to low; to bleat; to bray
breg nm guile, blemish, breach ▶ adj fragile, faulty
bregliach vb to jabber
bregus adj frail, brittle, rickety
breichled (-au) nf bracelet
breichrwy, breichrwyf (-au) nmf bracelet
breindal nm royalty
breinio vb to privilege, to enfranchise
breiniol adj privileged, free
breinlen (-ni) nf charter
breintal nm bonus; royalty
breintiedig adj patented, patent
breintio vb to privilege, to favour
brenhinaidd adj kingly, regal
brenhindod nm royalty
brenhindref (-i) nf royal city
brenhindy (-dai) nm royal palace
brenhines (breninesau) nf queen
brenhinfainc nf throne
brenhiniaeth (breniniaethau) nf kingdom
brenhinllys nm basil
brenhinol adj royal, regal
brenin (-hinoedd) nm king
brest (-iau) nf breast, chest
bresych npl (nf -en) cabbages
brethyn (-nau) nm cloth
brethynnwr (-ynwyr) nm clothier; cloth-worker
breuan (-au) nf quern; print of butter
breuder nm brittleness, frailty
breuddwyd (-ion) nmf dream; breuddwyd gwrach wishful thinking
breuddwydio vb to dream
breuddwydiol adj dreaming, dreamy
breuddwydiwr (-wyr) nm dreamer
brëyr, brehyr (brehyrion, -iaid) nm nobleman, chief, baron
bri nm honour, renown, distinction
briallu npl (nf briallen) primroses
bribys npl fragments, scraps
bricsen nf brick
bricyllen nf apricot
brid nm breed
bridio vb to breed
brifo vb to hurt
brig (-au) nm top; (pl) twigs
brigâd (-au) nf brigade; brigâd dân fire-brigade
briger (-au) nm hair of head; top
brigo vb to top; to branch
brigog adj branching; flourishing
brigwyn adj white-topped, white-crested
brigyn (brigau) nm twig
brith (f braith) adj mottled, speckled
britho vb to mottle, to speckle; to dazzle
Brithwr (-wyr) nm Pict
brithyll (-od, -iaid) nm trout
briw adj broken, bruised, sore ▶ nm (-iau) wound, sore
briwfwyd nm crumbs, mince
briwgig nm mince
briwlaw nm drizzling rain
briwlio vb to broil
briwo vb to wound, to hurt
briwsion npl (nm -yn) crumbs, fragments
briwsioni vb to crumble
briwsionyn nm crumb
briwsyn (briwsion) nm crumb, morsel
bro (-ydd) nf land; region; vale
broch1 nm badger
broch2 nm froth, anger, tumult
brochi vb to chafe, to fume; to bluster
brochus adj fuming; blustering
brodio vb to embroider; to darn
brodor (-ion) nm native; fellow countryman
brodorol adj native, indigenous
broga (-od) nm frog
brol nf boast, brag
broliant nm blurb
brolio vb to boast, to brag, to vaunt
broliwr (-wyr) nm boaster, braggart
bron1 (-nau, -nydd) nf breast; hillside
bron2 adv almost, nearly, practically; o’r bron completely, in succession
bronfraith (-freithod) nf thrush
brongoch (-iaid) nmf robin redbreast
bronwen nf weasel
bru nm womb
brud (-iau) nm chronicle; divination
brudio vb to prognosticate, to divine
brudiwr (-wyr) nm wizard, soothsayer
brwd adj hot, fervent ▶ nm boil, heat
brwdfrydedd nm ardour, enthusiasm
brwdfrydig adj ardent, enthusiastic
brwmstan nm brimstone, sulphur
brwmstanaidd adj sulphury
brwnt (f bront) adj foul, nasty, dirty; harsh
brwyd1 (-au) nm embroidering frame; skewer
brwyd2 adj variegated; bloodstained; shattered
brwydo vb to embroider; to tear, to consume
brwydr (-au) nf battle, combat
brwydro vb to battle, to combat
brwydrwr (-wyr) nm fighter, combatant
brwydwaith nm embroidery
brwylio vb to broil
brwyn nm grief, sadness
brwynen (brwyn) nf rush
brwynog adj rushy
brwysg adj drunk; vigorous
brycan, brecan (-au) nfm blanket, rug
brych (f brech) adj mottled, brindled, freckled ▶ nm the afterbirth of a cow
brychau npl (nm -euyn) spots, freckles
brycheulyd adj spotted, brindled
brycheuyn nm spot
brychni nm spots, freckles
brychu vb to spot, to freckle
bryd nm mind, heart, will
brydio vb to burn, to inflame, to boil, to throb
brygawthan vb to jabber, to prate, to rant
bryn (-iau) nm hill
bryncyn (-nau) nm hillock
bryniog adj hilly
brynti, bryntni nm filthiness, filth
brys nm haste, hurry
brysio vb to hasten, to hurry
brysiog adj hurried, hasty
bryslythyr (-au) nm dispatch
brysneges (-au) nf telegram
brytheirio vb to belch; to utter oaths, threats etc
Brython (-iaid) nm Briton, Welshman
Brythoneg nf British language, Welsh
brythwch nm storm, tumult; groan
bryweddu vb to brew
brywes nm brewis
bual (buail) nm buffalo, drinking horn
buan adj fast, quick, swift, fleet; soon
buander, buandra nm swiftness, speed
buandroed adj swift-footed
buarth (-au) nm yard
buchdraeth (-au) nf biography, memoir
buchedd (-au) nf life, conduct
bucheddol adj right-living, virtuous
bucheddu vb to live, to flourish
buches (-au) nf herd of cows
buchfrechu vb to vaccinate
budr adj dirty, filthy, foul, vile
budreddi nm filthiness, filth
budro vb to dirty, to soil, to foul
budd (-ion) nm benefit, profit, gain
buddai (-eiau) nf churn
buddel (-wydd) nmf cow-house post, pillar
buddiant (-iannau) nm interest
buddio vb to profit, to avail
buddiol adj profitable, beneficial, useful
buddioldeb nm profitableness, expediency
buddran nf dividend
buddsodd (-ion), buddsoddiad (-au) nm investment
buddsoddi vb to invest
buddugol adj winning, victorious
buddugoliaeth (-au) nf victory
buddugoliaethus adj victorious, triumphant
buddugwr (-wyr) nm winner, victor
bugail (-eiliaid) nm shepherd; pastor
bugeiles (-au) nf shepherdess
bugeiliaeth (-au) nf pastorate
bugeilio, bugeilia vb to watch, to shepherd
bugeiliol adj pastoral
bugunad nm bellowing, roar
bun nf maid, maiden
burgyn (-nod, iaid) nm carcass, carrion
burman, burum nm barm, yeast
busnes (-ion) nmf business
busnesa vb to interfere, to meddle
busnesgar, busneslyd adj meddlesome
bustach (-tych) nm bullock, steer
bustachu vb to buffet about, to bungle
bustl nm gall, bile
bustlaidd adj like gall; bitter as gall
buwch (buchod) nf cow; buwch goch gota ladybird
bwa (bwâu) nm bow; arch
bwaog adj arched, vaulted
bwbach (-od) nm bugbear, bogey, scarecrow
bwced (-i) nmf bucket
bwci (-ïod) nm bugbear, bogey, ghost
bwcl (byclau) nm buckle
bwcled (-au) nf buckler
bwch (bychod) nm buck; bwch dihangol scapegoat; bwch gafr he-goat
Bwdhaeth nf Buddhism
Bwdhaidd adj Buddhist
bwgan (-od) nm bogey, ghost, scarecrow
bwgwl (bygylau) nm threat, menace
bwgwth see bygwth, bygythio
bwhwman vb to beat about; to vacillate
bŵl (bylau) nm globe, ball, knob
bwlch (bylchau) nm gap; pass; notch
bwled (-i) nf bullet
Bwlgaria nf Bulgaria
bwn (bynnoedd, byniaid) nm bittern
bwndel (-i) nm bundle
bwngler (-iaid) nm bungler
bwnglera vb to bungle
bwngleraidd adj bungling, clumsy
bwnglerwaith nm bungle, botch
bwnglerwch nm clumsiness
bwr (byr) adj fat, big, strong
bwrdais (-deisiaid) nm burgess
bwrdeistref (-i) nf borough
bwrdd (byrddau) nm table; deck; board; bwrdd du black-board
bwrgler nm burglar
bwrglera vb to burgle
bwrgleriaeth nf burglary
bwriad (-au) nm purpose, intention
bwriadol adj intentional
bwriadu vb to purpose, to intend
bwrlwm (byrlymau) nm bubble; gurgling
bwrn (byrnau) nm burden, incubus; bale
bwrw vb to cast, to shed; to strike; to imagine, to suppose; to spend ▶ nm cast, throw; woof
bws (bysiau, bysys) nm bus; bws mini minibus
bwtler (-iaid) nm butler
bwtri nm buttery, pantry, dairy
bwth (bythod) nm hut, booth, cot
bwthyn (bythynnod) nm cottage, cabin, hut
bwyall (bwyeill), bwyell (bwyeill) nf axe
bwyd (-ydd) nm food; bwyd sothach junk food; bwyd sydyn fast food
bwyda, bwydo vb to feed
bwydlen nf menu
bwyd-offrwm (-ymau) nm meat-offering
bwydwr (-wyr) nm feeder
bwygilydd adv (from one) to the other
bwylltid (-au) nm swivel
bwyllwr, bwyllwrw (-yriau) nm provisions for journey
bwysel (-au, -i) nm bushel
bwystfil (-od) nm (wild) beast
bwystfilaidd adj brutal
bwystfiles (-au) nf beast
bwyta vb to eat; to corrode
bwytadwy adj eatable, edible
bwytäwr (-wyr) nm eater
bwyteig adj greedy, voracious
bwyty (-tai, -tyau) nm restaurant
bychan (f bechan) adj little, small
bychander, bychandra nm littleness, smallness
bychanu vb to belittle, to minimize
bychanus adj derogatory
byd (-oedd) nm world; state; life
bydaf (-au) nmf beehive
byd-eang adj worldwide
bydio vb to live, to fare
bydol adj worldly, secular
bydolddyn (-ion) nm worldling
bydolrwydd nm worldliness
bydwraig (-wragedd) nf midwife
bydwreigiaeth nf midwifery
bydysawd nm universe
byddag (-au) nf running knot, noose
byddar adj deaf ▶ nm (-iaid, byddair) deaf person
byddardod nm deafness
byddarol adj deafening
byddaru vb to deafen, to stun
byddin (-oedd) nf army, host
byddino vb to set army in array, to embattle
byddinog adj with armies
bygwth vb to threaten, to menace ▶ nm (-ythion, -ythiau) threat, menace
bygythiad (-au) nm threat; bygythiad bom bomb scare
bygythio vb to threaten, to menace
bygythiol adj threatening, menacing
byl (-au) nfm edge, brim (of vessel); hyd y fyl to the brim
bylb (-au) nm bulb
bylchog adj gapped, gappy; notched
bylchu vb to make a gap, to breach; to notch
byngalo (-s, -au) nm bungalow
bynnag pron -ever, -soever
bynsen nf bun
byr (f ber) adj short, brief
byrbryd (-iau) nm luncheon, snack
byrbwyll adj impulsive, rash
byrbwylltra nm impulsiveness
byrder, byrdra nm shortness, brevity
byrdwn nm burden, refrain, chorus
byrddaid (-eidiau) nm tableful
byrddio vb to board
byrddiwr (-wyr) nm boarder
byrfodd nm abbreviation
byrfyfyr adj impromptu
byrgorn adj shorthorn
byrgyr nm burger
byrhau vb to shorten, to abridge
byrhoedlog adj short-lived
byrlymu vb to bubble, to gurgle
byrllysg (-au) nmf mace
byrnio (-u) vb to bale, to bundle
byrnwr (-wyr) nm baler
byrstio vb to burst
bys (-edd) nm finger; toe; hand of dial, latch
bysaid (-eidiau) nm pinch
byseddu vb to finger
bysled, bysledr (-au) nm finger-stall
byth adv ever, for ever ▶ nm eternity
bytheiad (-aid) nm hound
bytheirio vb to belch, to threaten
bythgofiadwy adj memorable
bythol adj everlasting, eternal, perpetual
bytholi vb to perpetuate
bytholwyrdd (-ion) adj, nm evergreen
bythynnwr (-ynwyr) nm cottager
byw vb to live ▶ adj alive, living, quick ▶ nm life
bywgraffiad (-au) nm biography
bywgraffiadol adj biographical
bywgraffiadur (-on) nm biographical dictionary
bywgraffydd (-ion) nm biographer
bywgraffyddol adj biographical
bywhau, bywiocáu vb to animate, to vivify, to quicken
bywiad nm see bywad
bywiog adj lively, animated, vivacious
bywiogi vb to enliven, to animate
bywiol adj living, animate
bywoliaeth (-oliaethau) nf living
bywyd (-au) nm life
bywydeg nf biology
bywydegwr (-wyr) nm biologist
bywydfad (-au) nm lifeboat
bywydol adj of life, vital
bywyn (-nau) nm pith, core
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