Читать книгу: «Memoirs of the Duchesse de Dino (Afterwards Duchesse de Talleyrand et de Sagan), 1831-1835», страница 22

CONYNGHAM, Francis Nathaniel, Marquis of (1797-1882). During his father's lifetime he bore the name of Mount Charles. He distinguished himself in public life by his liberal ideas, was Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, a Lord of the Treasury, and Postmaster General in 1834, a Privy Councillor in 1835, and Vice-Admiral of Ulster in 1849.

CORINNA, A Grecian poetess of the fifth century, B.C.

COUSIN, Victor (1792-1867). A French philosopher and author, a Peer of France, director of the Ecole Normale and a member of the Académie française. For a very short time he was Minister of Public Instruction under M. Thiers in 1840.

COWLEY, Lady (1796-1860). Georgiana Augusta, eldest daughter of the Marquis of Salisbury, married in 1816 the Hon. Henry Wellesley, who in 1828 was created Baron Cowley.

COWPER, Lady, Sister of W. Lamb, Lord Melbourne. She married Lord Palmerston (secondly) in 1840, being then fifty years of age.

CRANMER, Thomas (1489-1556). Archbishop of Canterbury, a promoter of the Reformation in England. He pronounced, himself, the divorce against Catherine of Aragon, which the Pope had refused to Henry VIII. On the Accession of Queen Mary Tudor he was arrested as a heretic and burned at the stake.

CROMWELL, Oliver (1599-1658). Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England in 1653. He brought about the ruin of the Royalist Cause, and the misfortunes of Charles I., for whose condemnation he was responsible.

CUMBERLAND, Ernest Augustus, Duke of (1771-1851). The last of the sons of George III. In 1837 he mounted the throne of Hanover.

CUMBERLAND, Duchess of (1778-1841). Frederica, Princess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Younger sister of Queen Louise of Prussia. She married in 1793 Prince Louis of Prussia, brother of Frederick William III. On his death she married secondly Prince Frederick William of Solms-Braunfels, and finally, thirdly, the Duke of Cumberland who was called to the Throne of Hanover in 1837. She was the mother of King George V. of Hanover.

CUVIER, Georges (1769-1838). A celebrated naturalist, member of the Académie française, Councillor of State in 1814, and Peer of France in 1831.

CZARTORYSKI, Prince Adam (1770-1860). Son of Adam Casimi Czartoryski, who on the death of Augustus III. King of Poland was proposed as a candidate for the Throne, but was set aside in favour of Stanislas Poniatowski at the instance of Catherine II. After the partition of Poland, he was sent as a hostage to St. Petersburg where he enjoyed high favour with the Czar Alexander I., became Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1801 to 1805, and in 1815 became Senator Palatine of Poland and Curator of the University of Vilna. He retired from public life in 1821, and after 1830 established himself at Paris. In 1817 he married the Princess Anna Sapieha.

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DACRE, Thomas Brand, Lord (1774-1851), married in 1819, Barbara, daughter of Sir C. Ogle.

DALBERG, Duc de (1773-1833). Son of the Primate and Arch-Chancellor of the same name, member of the Conseil provisoire at Paris after the fall of Napoleon, and plenipotentiary at the Congress of Vienna.

DAUPHIN DE FRANCE, Louis, son of Louis XV. (1729-1765), married first the Infanta Maria of Spain, who died soon afterwards. He had several children by his second marriage with Princess Josepha, daughter of the Elector of Saxony and King of Poland. He never came to the Throne, but was father of Louis XVI., Louis XVIII., and Charles X. He was a model of all the virtues and lived a saintly life.

DAURE, M. A teacher at the Collège Henri IV. in Paris, who wrote for the Constitutionnel.

DAVOUT, Napoleon Louis (1810-1853). Son of the Marshal. He was on Marshal Gérard's Staff at the siege of Antwerp. He entered the House of Peers in 1836 and bore the title of Prince d'Eckmühl.

DAWSON DAMER, George Lionel, born in 1788. A colonel in the British Army. He married the niece and adopted daughter of Mrs. Fitzherbert, who died in 1848.

DECAZES, Elie, Duc (1780-1846). He was at first a lawyer and was then attached to the service of King Louis of Holland. Louis XVIII. afterwards made him a Minister and a Peer of France. In 1820 he had to quit the Ministry as the more fanatical Royalists did not scruple to blame him for the assassination of the Duc de Berry. He was created a Duke and sent as Ambassador to England. After 1830 he rallied to Louis-Philippe, and was made Grand Référendaire de la Cour des Pairs.

DECAZES, Duchesse, daughter of the Comte de Saint-Helaire by his marriage with Mlle. de Soycourt, and grand-daughter on her mother's side of the last Prince of Nassau-Sarbrück, and grand-niece of the Duchess of Brunswick-Beovern, who obtained from Frederick VI. of Denmark the transmission of the Duchy of Glucksburg in favour of the Duc and Duchesse Decazes on their marriage in 1818. She was the second wife of the Duc Decazes.

DEDEL, Solomon (1775-1846). A Danish diplomatist. He was Ambassador to Sweden, Spain and England, and died at London.

DEMION, M. Agent for the Montmorency family, for the Prince de Talleyrand, and for the James Rothschilds. For several years he administered the estates of Valençay.

DENISON, Albert (1805-1860). Second son of the Marquis of Conyngham. Through his mother he inherited a large fortune from his uncle, Denison, and took his name. He was raised to the Peerage as Lord Londesborough in 1850.

DESAGES, Emile (1793-1850). Son of a high official in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, he entered that office at the age of sixteen. In 1820 he was appointed Secretary of Embassy at Constantinople. In 1830 General Sébastiani then Minister of Foreign Affairs, made him head of the Political Branch of the Department. He retired after 1848 to Menesele in the Charente.

DEVONSHIRE, William, Duke of (1760-1835). He belonged to the Courtenay family. The title being extinct in the elder branch, the Duke succeeded in regaining it, after having proved before the House of Lords in 1831 that by Letters Patent of 1553 Queen Mary had laid down that the title, in default of direct heirs, should pass to collateral branches.

DEVONSHIRE, Marchioness of. Died 1806, daughter of Lord Spencer, married in 1774 the Marquis of Devonshire.

DIANE DE POITIERS (1499-1586). Eldest daughter of Jean de Poitiers Seigneur de Saint-Vallier. Diane married Louis de Brézé, when she was thirteen. She was the favourite of Henri II., who made her Duchesse de Valentinois and gave her the Château d'Anet, one of the finest pieces of architecture of this period.

DIDOT, Firmin (1764-1836). He distinguished himself early in life, by the advances in the art of printing which were due to him. His father and elder brother had already similarly distinguished themselves. He was elected Deputy in 1827. Decorated with the Legion of Honour, he was appointed by King Louis-Philippe, Printer to the King and to the Institut de France.

DINO, Duchesse de (1793-1862). The title borne by the Comtesse Edmond de Périgord from 1815 onwards. It had been granted by the King of Naples to the Prince de Talleyrand, who had so successfully defended his interests at the Congress of Vienna, and M. de Talleyrand bestowed it as a compliment on his niece.

DOLOMIEU, Marquise de (1779-1849). Lady-in-waiting to Queen Maria Amelia, to whom she was most devoted. Madame de Dolomieu was the sister of Madame de Montjoye, Mme. Adélaïde's lady-in-waiting.

DOM MIGUEL (1802-1866). He was Regent of the Kingdom of Portugal during the minority of his niece Queen Doña Maria da Gloria. He seized the opportunity to possess himself of the Throne, and had himself proclaimed king in 1828. Dom Pedro I. then returned from Brazil, and after a sharp struggle he succeeded in re-conquering the crown for his daughter, and in forcing Dom Miguel to leave Portugal.

DON ANTONIO, the Infante (1755-1817). One of the Spanish princes confined at Valençay by Napoleon I. On his return from captivity he was made Grand Admiral of Castille.

DON CARLOS DE BOURBON (1788-1855). Second son of Charles IV. and brother of Ferdinand VII., King of Spain. He was detained with his brother at Valençay. At the close of his reign in 1833 Ferdinand abolished the Spanish law of succession and left his crown to his daughter Isabella. Don Carlos protested, was banished, returned to Spain in 1834 and began a civil war. Conquered in 1839 he took refuge first in France, and then in 1847 at Trieste, where he died.

DON FRANCESCO (1794-1865). Infante of Spain, married in 1819 the Princess Carlotta, daughter of the King of the Two Sicilies and sister of Queen Christina.

DONNADIEU, Gabriel (1777-1849). A French general. He embraced with ardour the principles of the Revolution, enrolled himself in Moreau's Corps d'Armée and remained in it for a long time. Suspected of conspiracy under the Consulate and the Empire he passed through several vicissitudes of favour and disgrace. He rallied to Louis XVIII. who made him a Lieutenant-General.

DORSET, Duke of (1795-1815). He died, childless, as the result of a fall from his horse. He was the brother of Lady Plymouth. The title of Earl of Dorset was given to the Sackville family by Queen Elizabeth.

DORSET, Charles, Viscount Sackville, Duke of (1767-1843). Uncle of the foregoing and heir to his title. He never married. He was a very intimate friend of King William IV. of England.

DOSNE, Mme. Mlle. Sophie Eurydice Matheron married M. Dosne, an Agent de Change, in 1816. She was born in 1788. Her parents kept a wholesale drapery establishment in the Faubourg Montmartre.

DOUGLAS, Marquis of (1811-1863). Afterwards Duke of Hamilton. In 1843 he married Princess Maria of Baden. He died at Paris as the result of an accident.

DROUET D'ERLON (1765-1844). Marshal of France. He joined the army under the Republic and took part in the Campaigns of the Empire. He was one of the first to recognise Napoleon on his return from Elba, and commanded the first Corps d'Armée during the Hundred Days. He fought at Waterloo, and was condemned in his absence. He found an asylum in Prussia, and did not resume his service in France until 1830. In 1834 he was made Governor of Algeria.

DUCHATEL, Charles Tanneguy, Comte (1803-1867). A French politician. He was successively Councillor of State, Deputy, and Minister. He was a member of the Académie des Sciences morales et politiques.

DUNCANNON, John William (1781-1847). Married in 1805 Mary, daughter of Lord Westmorland. He held advanced Liberal views, and was in 1834 Member of Lord Melbourne's Ministry as Home Secretary. He was raised to the Peerage as Lord Bessborough.

DUPERRÉ, Admiral (1775-1846). Distinguished himself early in action with the English and was made Rear-Admiral and a Baron in 1811. In 1830 he commanded the fleet which conveyed the French Army to Algeria, and was promoted Admiral and made a Peer of France. He was several times Minister of Marine.

DUPIN, André Marie (1783-1865). Called Dupin the elder. A French jurisconsult, magistrate, and deputy. He took an active part in the election of Louis-Philippe as King of the French. From 1832 till 1840 he was President of the Chamber of Deputies. Under the Second Empire he was made a Senator.

DUPIN, Pierre Charles François, Baron (1784-1873). The last of the three Dupins. A French statistician, a member of the Institut and of the House of Peers, he showed himself equally devoted to the Orleans Dynasty and to the Charte of 1830.

DURHAM, John Lambton, Earl of (1792-1840). Son-in-law of Lord Grey. He entered Parliament, where he sat among the advanced Whigs. In collaboration with Lord John Russell he drafted the Great Reform Bill of 1831. He was afterwards Ambassador to Russia and Governor-General of Canada.

DURHAM, Lady (1816-1841). Louisa Elizabeth, daughter of Lord Grey, and second wife of the Earl of Durham.

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EASTNOR, Lord (1788-1873). He married in 1815 the daughter of Lord Hardwicke.

EASTNOR, Lady (died 1873). Daughter of Lord Hardwicke and sister of Lady Stuart of Rothesay.

EBRINGTON, Hugh, Lord, Earl Fortescue (1783-1861). Entered the House of Commons early in life. In 1839 he was made a Privy Councillor and Viceroy of Ireland. He retired in 1850. He was a consistent Whig.

ELIZABETH, Queen of England (1533-1603). Daughter of Henry VIII. and Anne Boleyn. She never married, and left the crown to James I., King of Scotland and son of Mary Stuart.

ELLICE, The Hon. Edward (1787-1863). Son-in-law of Lord Grey. He was a Member of the House of Commons, and contributed much to the passage of the Reform Bill. He was Secretary to the Treasury and Secretary at War. He was a rich merchant and possessed vast estates in Canada.

ENTRAIGUES, Amédée Goveau d'. Born in 1785. Prefect at Tours 1830-1847. He married a Princess Santa-Croce, whose father had been concerned in the events of 1798, which resulted in taking Rome from the Pope and the proclamation of a Republic. This Prince had made his daughter a ward of Talleyrand, who brought her up and gave her a dowry.

ENTRAIGUES, Jules d'. Born in 1787, he died at a very advanced age. He was the brother of the Prefect of Tours, and possessed in the neighbourhood of Valençay a charming château called La Moustière.

ESCLIGNAC. Duchesse d' (1801-1868). Georgine, daughter of the Baron Jacques de Talleyrand-Périgord, third brother of the Prince de Talleyrand and of Charlotte Louise de Puissigneux.

ESTERHAZY, Paul Antoine, Prince (1786-1866). An Austrian diplomatist who was Ambassador at London during the Conferences of 1831, and a member of the Batthyany Ministry in Hungary. He was always a faithful friend of the Duchesse de Dino.

ETIENNE, Charles Guillaume (1777-1845). A French journalist and dramatist. He became a deputy in 1832, voted with the Liberals, and in 1839 obtained a seat in the House of Peers.

ETIENNE DE BLOIS, Stephen, King of England (1105-1154). His mother was a daughter of William the Conqueror. He married the heiress of the Counts of Boulogne.

EXELMANS, Isidore, Count (1775-1852). One of the most brilliant generals of the First Empire. Exiled on the return of the Bourbons he returned to France only in 1823. Made a Peer of France by Louis-Philippe, he became in 1849 Grand Chancellor of the Legion of Honour, and in 1851 a Marshal of France. He died as the result of a fall from his horse.

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FABRE, François Xavier (1766-1837). A French painter and a pupil of David. He was intimate at Florence with the Comtesse d'Albany, widow of the last of the Stuarts, and of Alfieri who was her second husband.

FAGEL, General Robert. Born in Holland of Dutch parents. He fought against France in the Wars of the Republic. Under the Restoration he was appointed Netherlands Ambassador at the Tuileries.

FALK, Anton Reinhard (1776-1843). A Dutch statesman. He was Secretary of Legation at Madrid and afterwards Minister of Foreign Affairs, of Public Instruction, of Commerce, and of the Colonies. In 1824 he went as Ambassador to London, and after the separation of Belgium from Holland he became Ambassador at Brussels, where he died.

FALK, Madame (1792-1851) (Rose, Baroness de Roisin). She was maid of honour to the Queen of the Netherlands and married M. Falk in 1817. After her husband's death she was appointed "grande maîtresse" of the Princess of Orange, and resigned this position when the Princess ascended the throne.

FARNBOROUGH, Lord (1761-1838). An intimate friend of Pitt. He was Postmaster-General.

FERDINAND II., King of the Two Sicilies (1810-1859). He ascended the throne in 1830, and by his unpopularity brought about the fall of his dynasty. He was nicknamed "King Bomba."

FERDINAND VII., King of Spain (1784-1833). Eldest son of Charles IV. and Marie Louise of Parma. In 1808, the very year of his accession, he was imprisoned at Valençay, but reascended the throne in 1814.

FERGUSSON, Robert Cutler (1768-1838). An English lawyer and magistrate. He spent twenty-five years at Calcutta where he made a large fortune, and in 1826 he returned to England where he became an ardent supporter of Liberal reforms. In 1830 he took up the cause of Poland. In 1831 he married Mlle. Auger, a Frenchwoman by whom he had two children.

FERRETTE, Étienne, Bailli de (1747-1831). In 1767 he was already Bailli of the Knights of Malta and their Ambassador at Paris. In 1805, when the domains of the Order at Heitersheim were secularised and incorporated in the Grand Duchy of Baden, the Baron de Ferrette was indemnified by a pension of 60,000 livres for life and made Minister of Baden at the Court of Napoleon I., and thereafter at that of Louis XVIII. He resigned in 1830. He had many friends in Paris and was a friend of the Prince de Talleyrand.

FERRERS, Lady. Married in 1844 Earl Ferrers (1822-1859). She was called Arabella, and was a daughter of the Marquess of Donegal.

FIESCHI, Joseph (1790-1835). Born at Murano, Corsica, he attempted the life of Louis-Philippe at Paris during a review on July 28, 1835, by means of an infernal machine which he prepared in a house about the middle of the Boulevard du Temple. The King and the Princes escaped, but twenty-two people were wounded and eighteen killed, among whom was Marshal Mortier, Duc de Trévise, Minister of War. Fieschi was condemned to death with his two accomplices Pépin and Morey.

FITZCLARENCE, Lord Adolphus (1802-1856). Third illegitimate son of King William IV. of England and the actress Mrs. Jordan. He was a Rear-Admiral and naval aide-de-camp to Queen Victoria.

FITZPATRICK, Richard (1747-1813). He was a British general and distinguished himself in the American War. He entered Parliament in 1770, was Secretary to the Duke of Portland, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and in 1783 Secretary at War; he was an attached friend of Fox.

FITZPATRICK, M. Born in 1809, he married in 1830 the daughter of Augustus Douglas. He was a Captain in the British Army and a Member of Parliament.

FITZROY SOMERSET, Lord (1788-1855). Afterwards Lord Raglan. Younger son of the Earl of Beaufort and aide-de-camp of the Duke of Wellington, by whose side he lost his right arm at Waterloo. He died of cholera under Sebastopol where he was Commander-in-Chief of the British Army.

FITZROY SOMERSET, Lady. Died 1881. She was a daughter of Lord Wellesley and a niece of the Duke of Wellington, the chief and friend of Lord Fitzroy Somerset, whom she married in 1814.

FLAHAUT, General Comte de (1785-1870). Aide-de-camp of Napoleon I., he became a Peer of France under Louis-Philippe and under Napoleon III. Senator and Ambassador. His family was poor, and the Prince de Talleyrand had contributed to the cost of his education.

FLAHAUT, Comtesse de. Died 1867. She was a daughter of Lord Keith and Nairn, an English Admiral.

FOUCHE, Joseph, Duc d'Otrante (1763-1820). Chief of Police under the Empire. An able but unscrupulous man without convictions.

FOUGIÈRES, Mlle. de. She married the Marquis Christian de Nicolay. Her son Antoine married Mlle., de Vogüé and her daughter Aymardine married Paul de Larges.

FOX, Charles James (1748-1806). One of the greatest of English orators. He entered Parliament, joined the Opposition, and soon became the leader of the Whigs. He was a defender of tolerance and liberty and was favourable to the French Revolution, never ceasing to advise peace with France.

FRANÇOIS I., King of France (1494-1547). Son of Charles d'Orléans, Comte d'Angoulême, and of Louise de Savoie, he succeeded in 1515 King Louis XII., whose daughter he had married.

FREDERICK THE GREAT, King of Prussia (1712-1786). Illustrious in war, he laid the foundations of Prussia's military power. He was an amateur of letters and prided himself on his philosophic attainments. He attracted Voltaire to his Court and kept up correspondence with the Encyclopédistes.

FRIAS, Duc de (1783-1851). Don Bernardino Fernandez Vilano, Comte de Haro, Duc de Frias, Duc de Meda, Marquis de Villena. From 1796 he served in the Guardia Volona and became a Captain. He married Doña Marianna de Silva, daughter of the Marquis de Santa Cruz. The Duc de Frias was Spanish Ambassador at London and afterwards became President of the Upper Chamber established by the Constitution granted by Queen Maria Christina in 1834, and called El Estatuto Real. He was a man of letters and has left some poems behind him.

FULCHIRON, Jean Claude (1774-1859). A French Statesman and man of letters. A pupil of the École Polytechnique, he served in the Artillery. In 1831 he was elected a deputy, and for fifteen years was the constant advocate of a Conservative policy. He was made a Peer of France in 1845, and in 1848 he retired into private life.

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GAËTE, Martin Charles Gaudin, Duc de (1756-1841). Minister of Finance under Napoleon I., who made him a Duke. He was Deputy under the Restoration, and in 1820 was made Governor of the Bank of France.

GARCIA, Manuel (1775-1832). A Spanish composer and musical artist. He was the father of Mme. Malibran and Mme. Viardot.

GARROUBE, Jean Alexandre Valleton de (1790-1859). He adopted the profession of arms and distinguished himself at first by his zeal in the legitimist cause. His devotion to the Duchesse d'Angoulême won him the nickname of Chevalier du Brassard, and Royal favours which continued unabated for fifteen years. In 1830 he rallied to Louis Philippe. In 1831 he was colonel and deputy. In general he remained faithful to the doctrinaire party, and in 1852 was placed on the retired list with the rank of General of Brigade.

GASTON D'ORLÉANS (1608-1660). Third son of Henri IV. and brother of Louis XIII. He bore the title of Duc d'Anjou till 1624 when the Duchy of Orléans was conferred upon him as an appanage. He played a sorry part in the Fronde, passing repeatedly from one side to another. He was for the rest a wit and a cultivator of literature and science. He left an only daughter, the celebrated Mademoiselle, Duchesse de Montpensier.

GAUTARD, M. de, died 1837. He possessed the Château Grenier near Bex. He was highly respected, and his death, which was due to an accident, was much regretted. The accident was caused by the explosion of some spirits of wine, the manufacture of which he was supervising.

GEORGE III., King of England (1738-1820). He ascended the throne in 1760 succeeding his grandfather George II. He extended the English conquests in India and finally united Ireland to Great Britain. His reign was marked by the loss of the American Colonies. He fought against the French Revolution with all his strength, and for ten years before his death he was out of his mind.

GEORGE IV., King of England (1762-1830). A dissipated youth, enormous debts, and his marriage with Mrs. Fitzherbert, a Catholic, alienated from him the respect of the country. In 1795 he married Caroline of Brunswick against whom he afterwards instituted scandalous proceedings. In 1811 he was made Regent by Parliament owing to his father's insanity, and he succeeded to the throne in 1820. It was to him that Napoleon wrote his letter requesting the hospitality of England after his second abdication.

GEORGE V., King of Hanover (1819-1878). He succeeded his father, King Ernest Augustus, in 1851, in spite of his blindness. In 1866 he lost his kingdom, which was absorbed in Prussia, after having absolutely refused to come to any understanding with that country.

GÉRARD, Étienne Maurice, Comte (1773-1852). He adopted the military career, and took part in all the campaigns under the Republic and the Empire. At the Restoration he retired, but in 1830 he became Minister of War, and in 1831 was made a Marshal. He commanded the Belgian Expedition, took the Citadel of Antwerp, and was made a Peer in 1832.

GESSLER, Hermann. Governed the Cantons of Schwytz and Uri for Albert I., Archduke of Austria. His cruelty caused an insurrection in the country in 1307, and, according to tradition, he perished by the hand of William Tell.

GILLES, Le Grand. A figure of farcical comedy, deriving his name from a celebrated actor of the seventeenth century.

GIRARDON, François (1630-1715). A sculptor, whose patron was the Chancellor Séguier, who sent him to study at Rome. He produced several pieces which are much admired.

GIROLET, Jean Baptiste Simon, Abbé (1765-1836). A Benedictine priest of the congregation of Saint Maur, who was forced to emigrate at the Revolution. He found a place as tutor in Poland, where he became known to the Princess Tyszkiewicz. She recommended him to the Prince de Talleyrand, who procured his appointment as Almoner to the House of Peers. He was a great friend of the Talleyrand family, and towards the end of his life established himself at Rochecotte, where he founded a school which bears his name.

GLOUCESTER, Frederick, Duke of (1776-1834). Son of William Henry, Duke of Gloucester, who died in 1805. He married, in 1816, the fourth daughter of King George III., and was on that occasion raised to the rank of Prince of the Blood.

GLOUCESTER, Duchess of (1776-1857). Mary, daughter of George III. and Princess Sophia Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.

GONTAUT-BIRON, Duchesse de (1773-1858). Née Montault-Navailles, Governess of the children of France, whom she followed into exile. Charles X. made her a Duchess in 1827.

GRAFTON, Henry Fitzroy, Duke of (1790-1863). Entered the House of Commons in 1826 as a Liberal and a promoter of Parliamentary Reform. On his father's death he went to the House of Lords, where he preserved his Liberal views and was a faithful supporter of the policy of Lord John Russell. He married a daughter of Admiral Berkeley.

GRAHAM, Sir James (1792-1861). He became Duke of Montrose on his father's death in 1836, and sat in the House of Lords as a Conservative. In 1837 he became Chancellor of the University of Glasgow, in 1852 Comptroller of the Household. He was also a Lord-Lieutenant and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster.

GRANT, Charles, afterwards Lord Glenelg. He was born in 1780, and was a member of the House of Commons. From 1817 till 1822 he was Chief Secretary for Ireland. In 1830 he was a member of Lord Grey's Ministry, and in 1835 of that of Lord Melbourne.

GRANVILLE, Lord (1775-1846). Younger son of the Marquis of Stafford. He represented England at Paris for many years, and made many powerful friends there. His wife was a daughter of the beautiful Duchess of Devonshire.

GRANVILLE, Lady. Henrietta Elizabeth Cavendish, daughter of the Duke of Devonshire, married Lord Granville in 1809, and died in 1862.

GREFFULHE, Madame (1766-1859). Pauline de Randan Pully, married in 1793 M. Louis Greffulhe, by whom she had a daughter, who became Comtesse de Castellane. Her first husband having died in 1821, Madame Greffulhe married again Comte d'Aubusson la Feuillade, a Peer of France and formerly an Ambassador, who died in 1848.

GRENVILLE, William Wyndham, Lord (1759-1834). A relative of Pitt and a member of his party. He played some part in politics.

GREVILLE, Henry. He held a post at the Viceregal Court at Dublin under Lord Clarendon. Afterwards he held a position at the Foreign Office, and was the Duke of Wellington's private secretary.

GREY, Charles Grey, Viscount Howick, Earl (1764-1845). A member of the Liberal Party, Lord Grey was a Minister with Fox, and played a great part in the case of Queen Caroline, and also in the affairs of Belgium in 1830. It is to him that England owes parliamentary Reform.

GREY, Lady (1775-1861). Daughter of William Ponsonby and of Louise, daughter of Viscount Molesworth. She married Lord Grey in 1794.

GREY, Lady Elizabeth and Lady Georgiana. Daughters of Lord Grey who died unmarried.

GRISI, Giulia (1812-1869). A celebrated singer, daughter of an Italian officer in the French service and niece of Madame Grassini. She was born at Milan, entered the Conservatoire at an early age, and became an artist famous over all Europe and America. In 1836 she married Comte Gérard de Melcy at Paris, but this union was soon afterwards broken as the result of a duel between M. de Melcy and Lord Castlereagh, son of the celebrated statesman. She afterwards married again, her second husband being her colleague Mario, Comte de Candia.

GROSVENOR, Lady. Born in 1797. Elizabeth, younger daughter of the Duke of Sutherland. She married the Duke of Westminster in 1819.

GUISE, Henri de Lorraine, Duc de, surnamed Le Balafré (1550-1588). Eldest son of François de Guise, head of the League. He was assassinated at the Castle of Blois by order of Henri III. He had directed the massacre of S. Bartholomew.

GUIZOT, François Pierre Guillaume (1787-1874). A French statesman and author. He was Minister under Louis-Philippe, Ambassador to London and member of the Académie française.

GUIZOT, Madame (1803-1833). Eliza Dillon, the second wife of M. Guizot, whom he married in 1828, after the death of his first wife, Pauline de Meulan.

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HANDEL, George Frederick (1685-1759). A German composer, born at Halle, in Saxony. He died blind in London.

HALFORD, Sir Henry (1766-1844). Chief physician to King George III. He had a great reputation.

HARDWICKE, Lady (1763-1858). Elizabeth, daughter of the Earl of Balcarres. She married, in 1782, Charles Philip Yorke, who, on the death of his uncle, Lord Hardwicke, took his name and title. He was an Admiral and a member of Lord Derby's Ministry in 1852.

HAREWOOD, Henry, Lord (1797-1857). Married Lady Louise Thynne, daughter of the Marquis of Bath.

HARISPE, General (1768-1854). Distinguished himself in the campaigns of the Revolution and the Empire. Set aside by the Restoration, he was recalled in 1830, made a Peer and a Marshal of France in 1851.

HAYDN (1732-1809). A German composer; the author of symphonies and oratorios of great merit.

HENRI III. of France (1551-1589). Third son of Henri II. He was at first styled Duc d'Anjou; was elected King of Poland, but abandoned that kingdom after a few months to succeed his brother, Charles IX., as King of France. He was assassinated by Jacques Clément, and with him the Valois family became extinct.

HENRI IV., King of France (1553-1610). Son of Antoine de Bourbon and of Jeanne d'Albret. He succeeded to the throne in 1589, and was assassinated by Ravaillac.

HENRI V. The Legitimists so styled the Duc de Bordeaux.