If viral DNA is embedded in the promoter regions of genes: methyltransferases, Tet-proteins, it can be assumed that it is the same hyperactivator that triggers the accumulation of these enzymes in the cell, and primarily methyltransferases.

The idea that tumors have an infectious origin has been expressed for a long time. In 1908, two Danes Vilhelm Ellermann and Olaf Bang showed the viral etiology of chicken erythroblastosis. Francis Peyton Rous discovered a virus that causes sarcoma in chickens in 1911.

The virus-genetic theory of Lev Alexandrovich Zilber (1894-1966), a well-known immunologist and virologist, is interesting. The essence of his theory is that the viral DNA is embedded in the genome of the host cell and stored there indefinitely in a latent state. Under certain conditions, the viral genome can change the cellular regulation, which leads the cell to uncontrolled division and the formation of a tumor.

Such integration was previously known only in moderate phages. They do not lyse all bacteria, but only part of the population. The other enters into symbiosis with the formation of a single chromosome. The Prophage during the reproduction of the cell is transmitted to its descendants. Lysogenic phages are able to spontaneously leave the chromosome of the cell and pass into the cytoplasm, becoming already virulent phages.

In cancer and other neoplasms, oncogenic viruses do not have a cytopathic effect on cells, but force them to multiply.

Oncogenic viruses, depending on their nucleic acid, are distinguished into DNA- or RNA-containing ones.

DNA-containing viruses include: Epstein-Barr virus, human herpesviruses type 8, and others.

RNA-containing viruses: human T-lymphotropic virus (it consists of two single-stranded RNA, single-stranded DNA is synthesized in the cell, then double-stranded DNA), hepatitis C virus.

RNA-containing viruses – due to the enzyme reverse transcriptase synthesize viral DNA on the RNA matrix, which is embedded in the genome of the host cells.

The degree of cell transformation in different viruses varies. Some viruses change the work of only one cell out of 1000. Others are 1 in 100 000. The Rous sarcoma virus in chickens transforms each of the infected cells.

If the virus is embedded in the promoter region of genes encoding the synthesis of enzymes involved in demethylation: methyltransferase, Tet-proteins, then perhaps it will be the activator that triggers the process of tumor formation.

Methylated cytosine (5-methylcytosine) can spontaneously lose the amine group, becoming a thymine, which is the source of an increased number of mutations.

Perhaps these mutations disable enzymes that catalyze already known processes.

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