Nebrija y Cisneros: gramática y humanismo | Francisco de Vitoria y la escuela de Salamanca | La utopía posible: Vasco de Quiroga y el Colegio Imperial de Tlatelolco | De imperio a nación: la Constitución de Cádiz | Francisco Giner de los Ríos y la libertad de cátedraLa «leyenda negra» sigue pesando sobre España y lo hispano. No solamente fuera de sus fronteras —en los países donde se inventó, sus viejos rivales europeos y sus herederos—, sino también dentro, tanto en las naciones que fueron virreinatos de la antigua Monarquía Hispánica como en la propia España, revelando un país y una comunidad cultural incapaces de reconciliarse con su historia. Un relato maniqueo oscurece, así, grandes logros para el mundo. Frente a tanta crítica interesada y feroz, los momentos luminosos deben ser también recordados para que podamos ver la imagen completa. Aquí se muestran cinco.El volumen arranca con

Nebrija, que apuesta por el conocimiento del mundo clásico, y con

Cisneros, otro titán de la época. Continúa con

Francisco de Vitoria y la

Escuela de Salamanca, precursora de los derechos humanos y responsable de que la población indígena de la América española sobreviviera y fuera evangelizada bajo la idea irrebatible de que todos somos iguales a los ojos de Dios. La utopía de los misioneros en la

Nueva España tiene dos ejemplos concretos: la fundación de una universidad para indígenas en

Tlatelolco y el empeño de

Vasco de Quiroga de llevar a la realidad las ideas de Tomás Moro. Prosigue con la

Constitución de Cádiz, primer código legal garantista del orbe hispano, y cierra con

Francisco Giner de los Ríos, que promovió la libertad de cátedra en la universidad, contra la censura y los dogmas, como paso indispensable para la libertad del conocimiento.

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