  
  


  
     .        :     ,        ,           ,       .      ,       ,        .           XX     ,    ,    ,       .





  

  


   



Alain de Benoit



Carl Schmitt actuel

Guerre juste terrorisme tat durgence nomos de la terre



ditions Krisis

Paris, 2007



 Alain de Benoist, 2007



     




   


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      ,            (18991973.)    [1 - .,  : Shadia B.Drury, Leo Strauss and the American Right, St. Martins Press, New York, 1997 (2 ed.: MacMillan, New York, 1999).    : Political Ideas of Leo Strauss, MacMillan, London, 1998; Leo Strauss et i neocoservatori // Iride, Bologna, XVII, 42, - 2004, pp. 291301; La sponda Americana: un modello politico? Sterminare il nemico. Leo Strauss e Carl Schmitt // Il Ponte, 2005, 23, p.103117.           .    . : Kenneth L. Deutsch, John A. Merley (ed.), Leo Strauss, the Straussians, and the American Regime, Rowman & Littlefield, 1999.             ,          : Ann Norton, Leo Strauss and the Politics of American Empire, Yale University Press, New Haven, 2004 ( : Leo Strauss et la politique de lempire american, Denol, Paris, 2006). . : Benjamin Barber, Among the Straussians // New York Review of Books, New York, 14  1988; Alfons S?llner, Leo Strauss. German Origin and American Impact // Peter Kielmansegg, Horst Mewes, Elisabeth GlaserSchmidt (ed.), Hannah Arendt and Leo Strauss, Cambridge, 1995, pp. 121137; William Pfaff, The Long Reach of Leo Strauss //International Herald Tribune, New York, 25  2003.   .   : Edward Skidelsky, No More Heroes // Prospect, London,  2006, pp. 3437.].    ,               , ,    ,      ,      ,            ,   . ,      ,          [],      [2 - Alain Franchon, Daniel Vernet, Le Stratege et le philosophe // Le Monde, Paris, 16  2003. . : Heinrich August Winkler, Wenn die Macht Recht spricht // Die Zeit, 18  2003.]. ,          -.     ,    ,     ,    ..

,       ,  ,  ,   ,  ,     ,   . ,  ,      (    Project for the New America Century,     ꔻ),      ,   ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,    ..     ,  Lynde  Harry Bradley Foundation.

                  [3 - .: Carnes Lord, Thoughts on Strauss and Our Present Discontents // Kenneth L. Deutsch, John A. Merley (ed.), Leo Strauss, the Straussians, and the American Regime, Rowman & Littlefield, op.cit.; Steven Lenzner, William Kristol, What Was Leo Strauss Up To? // The Public Interest, Washington,  2003.].

      ,    ,   , ,     ,       ,  ,        ,          ,   ,    ,    ,         [4 - .,  ,   : Carol Wildmaier, Leo Strauss est-il neoconservateur? Lepreuve des textes // Esprit, Paris,  2003, . 2338.     ,                  (   ).   ,       ,  ,  ,   ,   .   ,        ,   ,  ,            ,        ,     ,  - .    ,         :          (p. 36),      ,   (p. 38). . : Laurence Berns, Correcting the Record on Leo Strauss // Political Science and Politics, XXVIII, 4,  2003, pp. 5457; Thomas G. West, Que dirait Leo Strauss de la politique etrangere americaine? // Commentaire, Paris,  2004, pp. 7178; Marc Lilla, Leo Strauss: The European // The New York Review of Books, New York, 21  2004, . 5860:     ,     -  ,          -.        : Heinrich Meier, Pourquoi Leo Strauss? Heurs et malheurs de lecole pour la vie philosophique // Commentaire,  2006, . 307331; : Daniel Tanguay, Neoconservatisme et religion democratique. Leo Strauss et lAmerique // ibid., pp. 315324.   :    ,            .      ,     ,           (p. 317).        ,  ,       (p. 322).].     ,     -    ,     [5 - Jenny Strauss Clay, The Real Leo Strauss // The New York Times, New York, 7  2003.].  , ,   [6 -    . : Claes G. Ryn, History and the Moral Order // Francis Canavan (ed.), The Ethical Dimension of Political Life, Duke University Press, Durham, 1983; Paul Gottfried, The Search for Historical Meaning, Northern Illinois University Press, DeKalb, 1986.],         ,        . ,       .     ,    2003   ,                .

 ,         , ,  ,     ,        , ,  ,  ,    .     ,     ,  ,   ,    ,        ,     ,     , ,  ,      ,    .            , , ,        ,   ,          -,   .  ,       ,        , ,       ,       ( ).   ,    ,     ,          (19331936.)  ,    ,         ,           .

              [7 - .: James Atlas, A Classicitss Legacy: New Empire Builders // The New York Times, New York, 4  2003; Seymour Hersh, Selective Intelligence // The New Yorker, New York, 12  2003. .   ,    : Hiram Caton, Explaining the Nazis. Leo Strauss Today // Quadrant,  1986, pp. 6165; Jacob Weisberg, The Cult of Leo Strauss. An Obscure Philosophers Washington Disciple // Newsweek, 3  1987; Brent Staples, Undemocratic Vistas: The Sinister Vogue of Leo Strauss // The New York Times, 28  1994.],     ,         ,        . [8 -       (   ,     reductio ad hitlerum,   ),       ,     ,     . ,        ,     (Barbara Boyd, Carl Schmitt, Dick Cheneys Eminence Grise // Executive Intelligence Review, 6  2006)         ,       -.  ,          []    ,     F?hrerprinzip    (sic),         ,   1970      ,     !   ,     (Leo Strauss y Carl Schmitt, el jurista de Hitler // EIR  Resumen ejecutivo,  2005),    ,                .              (sic),    ,         .        ,    2006  (   ,        ): Cheneys Schmittlerian Drive for Dictatorship. Children of Satan IV, Lyndon LaRouche PAC, Leesburg, 2006.    Executive Intelligence Review  .   ,        ,          ,    ,  ,  ..].         .         New School for Social Research          (A Fascist Philosopher Help Us Understand Contemporary Politics),   2004    The Chronicle of Higher Education.    ,             ,    .      ,       ,   .      ,          ,   ,        Zeitgeist,      [9 - The Chronicle of Higher Education, Washington, 2  2004.].

,   ,        ,       ,   :        .    ,       ,   ,     .         ,  .           [10 - Leo Strauss et la politique de lempire americain, op. cit., pp. 4950.     . : Peter Berkowitz, New York Post Online Edition, 3  2004.     ,        .           .].  .        ,    (sic!)  [11 - Leo Strauss and the American Right, op. cit., pp. 6597 (Strausss German Connection: Schmitt und Heidegger).].  ,    ,        [12 - Sebastien Fath, Dieu benisse lAmerique. La religion de la Maison-Blanche, Seuil, Paris, 2004, p. 206.].  . ,    ,         [13 - Daedalus,  2004.].       .

  ,   ,    ,  ,   ,          ,          .   ,          ,   , ,   [14 -      ,   -. , ,       (op.cit., p. 219).    ,  ,          .  ,    ,      , ,  -  ,  ,         ,   - ,     (Peter Sirk, Carl Schmitt, Crown jurist of the Third Reich. On Preemptive War, Military Occupation, and World Empire, Edwin Mellen Press, Lewiston, 2005, p. 35).        (Chantal Mouffe, One the Political, Routledge, Abingdon, 2005, pp. 7780). . : Linda S. Bishai, Andreas Behnke, War, Violence, and the Displacement of Political, Townson University, Townson [Maryland], 2005; James OConnor, Exceptions, Distinctions, and Processes of Identification: The Concrete Thought of Carl Schmitt and US Neoconservatism as Seen through Readings of Kenneth Burke and Jacques Derrida, , Helsinki University, Helsinki, 2006.].  ,   ,    -      [15 - ,          .     : The Concept of the Political, Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, 1976 (2 ed.: University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1996); Political Theology. Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty, MIT Press, Cambridge, 1985 (2 ed.: University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2005); The Crisis of Parliamentary Democracy, MIT Press, Cambridge, 1985; Political Romanticism, MIT Press, Cambridge, 1986; The Plight of European Jurisprudence // Telos, New York, 83,  1990, pp. 3570; The Leviathan in the State of Thomas Hobbes. Meaning and Failure of a Political Symbol, Greenwood Press, Westport, 1996; Roman Catholicism and Political Form, Greenwood Press, Westport, 1996; The Tyranny of Values, Plutarch Press, Washington, 1996; Land and See, Plutarch Press, Washington, 1997; State, Movement, People. The Triadic Structure of the Political Unity, Plutarch Press, Corvallis, 2001; The Nomos of the Earth in the International Law of the Jus Publicum Europaeum, Telos Press, New York, 2003; Legality and Legitimacy, Duke University Press, Durham, 2004; On the Three Types of Juristic Thought, Praeger Publ., Westport, 2004; Theory of the Partisan. Intermediate Commentary on the Concept of the Political // Telos, New York, 127,  2004, pp. 1178 ( . : Theory of the Partisan. A Commentary / Remark on the Concept of the Political // The New Centennial Review, East Lansing [Michigan], IV, 2004, 3); War/Nonwar? A Dilemma, Plutarch Press, Corvallis, 2005.   , ,         ,      -  Telos (       .    ,   ),     ,    ,  ,  . ,  ,    .].         ,   :  , ,       ,             .     ,          ,   , . ,    ,       ,     ,    ,     .  ,        ,         ,       ,    ,     ,    ,      .. (   ).    ,         ,         ,     .  ,     ,      , , ,     . ,   ,  , ,   ,   ,   ,             ,    ,      .      ,    [16 - Art. cit.],       ( ,      ).       ,  :                [17 - Op. cit., p. 115.], ,      ,         ,       .       []       ,    ,      [18 - The Wall Street Journal, New York, 24  2002.], ,         ,  , ,           .

,   ,        ,          - ,    , ,   ,     .  :         ()   (), ,      ,     []      ,            [19 - Carl Schmitt, La notion de politique, Flammarion, Paris, 1992, p. 116.]. ,   ,    ,    ,            [20 -      . 155,           (   ),     .  :     ,      ,    ,     [.]       .       ,    ..  ,     . ,       ,    ,     -    .    ,      .           .].

          ?     ,       .   ,     .  1932              [21 - Carl Schmitt, Der Begriff des Politischen. Mit einer Rede ?ber das Zeitalter der Neutralisierung und Entpolitisierungen, Duncker u. Humblot, M?nchen-Leipzig, 1932.     .    1928 ,        ,    10  1927  (Archiv f?r Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik, LVIII, 1  1927, . 1-33).].        . , ,    ,          .   [22 - Leo Strauss, Anmerkungen zu Carl Schmitt, Der Begriff des Politischen (1932) // Archiv f?r Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik, T?bingen, LXVII, 6, - 1932, . 732749;    : Leo Strauss, Hobbes politische Wissenschaft (Luchterhand, Neuwied, 1965, pp. 161181,  : Hobbes politische Wissenschaft und zugeh?rige Schriften  Briefe [=Gesammelte Schriften, vol. 3], J.-B. Metzler, Stuttgart-Weimar, 2001, pp. 217242),       (.  23).   Comments on Carl Schmitts Der Begriff des Politischen    : Leo Strauss, Spinozas Critique of Religion, Schocken Books, New York, 1965, pp. 331351,   : Leo Strauss, An Introduction to Political Philosophy, Wayne State University Press, Detroit, 1989.  ,           ,                     (Hans Morgenthau, La notion du politique et la theorie des differends internationaux, Librarie du recueil Sirey, Geneve, 1933).    .: Hans-Karl Pichler, The Weberian Legacy. The Godfathers of Truth: Max Weber and Carl Schmitt in Morgenthaus Theory of Power Politics // Review of International Studies, Cambridge, XXIV, 2,  1998, pp. 185200. Martti Koskenniemi, Carl Schmitt, Hans Morgenthau, and the Image of Law in International Relations // Michael Byers (ed.), The Role of Law in International Politics. Essays on International Relations and International Law, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2000, pp. 1734 (        Out of Europe: Carl Schmitt, Hans Morgenthau, and the Turn to International Relations   : Martti Kosken-niemi, The Gentle Civiliser of Nations. The Rise and Fall of International Law 18701960, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2001, pp. 413509.]

    ,        ,      ,     ,        ,        ,     ,     . ,   ,             .         [23 -   Der Begriff des Politischen     1933 .  1932     1963       .       (13-    2002 ).   ,     ,    ,    (Heinrich Meier, Carl Schmitt, Leo Strauss und der Begriff des Politischen. Zu einem Dialog unter Abwesenden. Mit Leo Strauss Aufsatz ?ber den Begriff des Politischen und drei unver?ffentlichten Briefen an Carl Schmitts aus den Jahren 1932-33, J.-B. Metzler, Stuttgart, 1998,   : J-B. Metzler, Stuttgart-Weimar, 1998;  : Carl Schmitt, Leo Strauss et la notion de politique. Un dialogue entre absents. Suivi du commentaire de Leo Strauss sur La notion de politique et de trois lettres inedites a Carl Schmitt des annees 1932-33, Julliard-Commentaire, Paris, 1990;  : Carl Schmitt and Leo Strauss. The Hidden Dialogue. Including Strausss Notes on Schmitts Concept of the Political and Three Letters from Strauss to Schmitt, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1995).            ,     19321933.    ,     ,       - ,        : Carl Schmitt, Parlementarisme et democratie (Seuil, Paris, 1988, pp. 187214).].     ,             ,   ,  , ,       [24 - La notion de politique, op. cit., pp. 183, 186.].

    1932     ,       (fellowship)   ,           ,       1937    (   1949        ). ,       ,        13  1932   10  1933 .            ,       ,  , ,  ,      ,       .   ,  4  1932 ,    ,    .           ,   ,   ,   .       .        ,          ,   ,     .          ,   ,         1934 .          .  ,   19321933            ,      ,   1931 ,  ,         ,   1938 [25 - Der Leviathan in der Staatslehre des Thomas Hobbes. Sinn und Fehlschlag eines politischen Symbols, Hanseatische Verlagenschaft, Hamburg, 1938 ( : Hohenheim, K?ln-L?venich, 1982, . pp. 2021; . : Le Leviathan dans la doctrine de lEtat de Thomas Hobbes. Sens et echec dun symbole politique, Seuil, Paris, 2002). ( :  .       . .:  , 2006.)].            [26 -       .: Paul Gottfried, Schmitt and Strauss // Telos, New York, 96,  1993, . 167176; John P McCormick, Fear, Technology, and the State. Carl Schmitt, Leo Strauss and the Revival of Hobbes in Weimar and National Socialist Germany // Political Theory, XXII, 1994, 2, pp. 619652; Robert Howse, From Legitimacy to Dictatorship  and Back Again. Leo Strausss Critique of the Anti-Liberalism of Carl-Schmitt // David Dyzenhaus (ed.), Carl Schmitts Challenge to Liberalism,   The Canadian Journal of Law and Jurisprudence, London [Ontario], X, 1,  1997, pp. 77-104,    : David Dyzenhaus (ed.), Law as Politics, Carl Schmitts Critique of Liberalism, Duke University Press, Durham, 1998, pp. 5690;  Robert Howse, The Use and Abuse of Leo Strauss in the Schmitt Revival on the German Right  The Case of Heirich Meier ( ); Eduardo Hernando Nieto, ^Teologia politiica o filosofia politica? La amistosa conver-sacion entre Carl Schmitt y Leo Strauss // Jorge E. Dotti, Julio Pinto (ed.), Carl Schmitt. Su epoca y su pensamiento, Eudeba, Buenos Aires, 2002, pp. 189209; Claudia Hilb, Mas alla del liberalismo. Notas sobre las Anmerkungen de Leo Strauss al Concepto de lo politico de Carl Schmitt // ibid., pp. 211227; Miguel E. Vatter, Strauss and Schmitt as Readers of Hobbes and Spinoza. On The Relation between Political Theology and Liberalism // CR: The New Centennial Review, East Lansing, IV,  2004, pp. 161214; Carlo Altini, La Storia della filosofia come filosofia politica. Carl Schmitt et Leo Strauss lettori di Thomas Hobbes, ETS, Pisa, 2004; D. Janssens, A Change of Orientation: Leo Strausss Comments on Carl Schmitt Revised // Interpretation, XXXIII, 2005, 1, pp. 93-104; Reinhard Mehring, Carl Schmitt, Leo Strauss, Thomas Hobbes und die Philosophie // Philosophisches Jahrbuch, Freiburg i. Br., CXII, 2005, 2, pp. 380394; Walter Schmidt, Politische Thologie III. Anmerkungen zu Carl Schmitt und Leo Strauss // Charlotte Gaitanides (Hrsg.), Europa und seine Verfassung. Festschrift f?r Manfred Zuleeg zum siebzigsten Geburtstag, Nomos, Baden-Baden, 2005, S. 1534; Jianhong Chen, Between Politics and Philosophy. A Study of Leo Strauss in Dialogue with carl Schmitt,  , Uni-versite catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 2006. . : John Gunnell, Strauss Before Straussianism. The Weimar Conversation // Review of Politics, LII, 1,  1990.  ,   La Repubblica (Il filosofo e la politica, 24  2005, p. 55)     ,      ,       ,   ,    .     ,     ,     -.   :  ,            ,      ,       ,         蔻 (art. cit., p. 173).         14   14  2005       ( --) -    ,     .].

          .  ,     ,  ,       . ,      ,            : Inter auctoritatem et philos-ophiam nihil est medium. ,  ,    ,      ;         ,   , ,   ,  ,           [27 - Carl Schmitt, Leo Strauss et la notion de politique, op. cit., p. 71. . : Benjamin Sax, The Distinction Between Political Theology and Political Philosophy // The European Legacy,  2002, pp. 499502.    ,           ,    : Heinrich Meier, Die Denkbewegung von Leo Strauss. Die Geschichte der Philosophie und die Intention des Philosophes, J.-B. Metzler, Stuttgart-Weimar, 1996; Das theologisch-politische Problem. Zum Thema Leo Strauss, J.-B. Metzler, Stuttgart, 2003 ( : Leo Strauss and the Theological-Political Problem, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2006;  : Leo Strauss. Le Probleme theologico-politique, Bayard, Paris, 2006).    . : Daniel Tanguay, Leo Strauss. Une Biographie intellectuelle, Grasset, Paris, 2003; Park Sung-rae, Leo Strauss, Gimm-Young, Seoul, 2005.].   :         ,          ,       ,    ,   [28 - Ibid., p. 120.    ,        :  /   [ ]   (art. cit., p. 35).]. ,    ,     . ,   ,    ,            .

   ,          ,  ,  .          ,    ,    11  2001 ,          ,      .          .




     


 ,          ,   ,     ,      The Weekly Standard[29 - The Neoconservative Persuasion // The Weekly Standard, 25  2003.].  , ,           ,   .   ,         ,       ()   () ,     ,    .  ,   :        .           .

,       , ,     ,     . ,   ,    ,     ,    [30 - Carl Schmitt, La notion de politique, op. cit., p. 197. . : Carl Schmitt, Clausewitz als politishcer Denker. Bemerkungen und Hinweise // Der Staat, Berlin, VI, 1967, 4, pp. 479502.].  ,    ,      ,    (Grenzbegriff). , ,  ,    ,     ,    . ,  ,   ,          ,  ,   ,   ,    [31 - Ibid., p. 72.]. ,         ,   ,    ,     ; ,      .   ,      ,    ,      .

    . ,   ,   :     ,   ,   ,          .   jus publicum europaeum[32 - jus publicum europaeum (.)    ,      ;      . . .]* , ,   :           .        ,       .   (       )     ,           ,    .     ,       ,     , ,    ,      ,       [33 - .: Mika Ojakangas, A Philosophy of Concrete Life. Carl Schmitt and the Political Life of Late Modernity, SoPhil, Jyv?skyl?, 2004, pp. 7172.].

  ,    ,   jus publicum europaeum, ,   ,  respublica christiana,   ,    ,                    ,      ,  ,  ,     [34 - Carl Schmitt, Thorie du partisan // La notion de politique  Thorie du partisan, Calmann-Levy, Paris, 1972, 2e ed.: Flammarion, Paris, 1992, p. 212. ( :  .  . .: . 2007. . 20.      .    ).]




  .


   .

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      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


.,  : Shadia B.Drury, Leo Strauss and the American Right, St. Martins Press, New York, 1997 (2 ed.: MacMillan, New York, 1999).    : Political Ideas of Leo Strauss, MacMillan, London, 1998; Leo Strauss et i neocoservatori // Iride, Bologna, XVII, 42, - 2004, pp. 291301; La sponda Americana: un modello politico? Sterminare il nemico. Leo Strauss e Carl Schmitt // Il Ponte, 2005, 23, p.103117.           .    . : Kenneth L. Deutsch, John A. Merley (ed.), Leo Strauss, the Straussians, and the American Regime, Rowman & Littlefield, 1999.             ,          : Ann Norton, Leo Strauss and the Politics of American Empire, Yale University Press, New Haven, 2004 ( : Leo Strauss et la politique de lempire american, Denol, Paris, 2006). . : Benjamin Barber, Among the Straussians // New York Review of Books, New York, 14  1988; Alfons S?llner, Leo Strauss. German Origin and American Impact // Peter Kielmansegg, Horst Mewes, Elisabeth GlaserSchmidt (ed.), Hannah Arendt and Leo Strauss, Cambridge, 1995, pp. 121137; William Pfaff, The Long Reach of Leo Strauss //International Herald Tribune, New York, 25  2003.   .   : Edward Skidelsky, No More Heroes // Prospect, London,  2006, pp. 3437.




2


Alain Franchon, Daniel Vernet, Le Stratege et le philosophe // Le Monde, Paris, 16  2003. . : Heinrich August Winkler, Wenn die Macht Recht spricht // Die Zeit, 18  2003.




3


.: Carnes Lord, Thoughts on Strauss and Our Present Discontents // Kenneth L. Deutsch, John A. Merley (ed.), Leo Strauss, the Straussians, and the American Regime, Rowman & Littlefield, op.cit.; Steven Lenzner, William Kristol, What Was Leo Strauss Up To? // The Public Interest, Washington,  2003.




4


.,  ,   : Carol Wildmaier, Leo Strauss est-il neoconservateur? Lepreuve des textes // Esprit, Paris,  2003, . 2338.     ,                  (   ).   ,       ,  ,  ,   ,   .   ,        ,   ,  ,            ,        ,     ,  - .    ,         :          (p. 36),      ,   (p. 38). . : Laurence Berns, Correcting the Record on Leo Strauss // Political Science and Politics, XXVIII, 4,  2003, pp. 5457; Thomas G. West, Que dirait Leo Strauss de la politique etrangere americaine? // Commentaire, Paris,  2004, pp. 7178; Marc Lilla, Leo Strauss: The European // The New York Review of Books, New York, 21  2004, . 5860:     ,     -  ,          -.        : Heinrich Meier, Pourquoi Leo Strauss? Heurs et malheurs de lecole pour la vie philosophique // Commentaire,  2006, . 307331; : Daniel Tanguay, Neoconservatisme et religion democratique. Leo Strauss et lAmerique // ibid., pp. 315324.   :    ,            .      ,     ,           (p. 317).        ,  ,       (p. 322).




5


Jenny Strauss Clay, The Real Leo Strauss // The New York Times, New York, 7  2003.




6


   . : Claes G. Ryn, History and the Moral Order // Francis Canavan (ed.), The Ethical Dimension of Political Life, Duke University Press, Durham, 1983; Paul Gottfried, The Search for Historical Meaning, Northern Illinois University Press, DeKalb, 1986.




7


.: James Atlas, A Classicitss Legacy: New Empire Builders // The New York Times, New York, 4  2003; Seymour Hersh, Selective Intelligence // The New Yorker, New York, 12  2003. .   ,    : Hiram Caton, Explaining the Nazis. Leo Strauss Today // Quadrant,  1986, pp. 6165; Jacob Weisberg, The Cult of Leo Strauss. An Obscure Philosophers Washington Disciple // Newsweek, 3  1987; Brent Staples, Undemocratic Vistas: The Sinister Vogue of Leo Strauss // The New York Times, 28  1994.




8


      (   ,     reductio ad hitlerum,   ),       ,     ,     . ,        ,     (Barbara Boyd, Carl Schmitt, Dick Cheneys Eminence Grise // Executive Intelligence Review, 6  2006)         ,       -.  ,          []    ,     F?hrerprinzip    (sic),         ,   1970      ,     !   ,     (Leo Strauss y Carl Schmitt, el jurista de Hitler // EIR  Resumen ejecutivo,  2005),    ,                .              (sic),    ,         .        ,    2006  (   ,        ): Cheneys Schmittlerian Drive for Dictatorship. Children of Satan IV, Lyndon LaRouche PAC, Leesburg, 2006.    Executive Intelligence Review  .   ,        ,          ,    ,  ,  ..




9


The Chronicle of Higher Education, Washington, 2  2004.




10


Leo Strauss et la politique de lempire americain, op. cit., pp. 4950.     . : Peter Berkowitz, New York Post Online Edition, 3  2004.     ,        .           .




11


Leo Strauss and the American Right, op. cit., pp. 6597 (Strausss German Connection: Schmitt und Heidegger).




12


Sebastien Fath, Dieu benisse lAmerique. La religion de la Maison-Blanche, Seuil, Paris, 2004, p. 206.




13


Daedalus,  2004.




14


     ,   -. , ,       (op.cit., p. 219).    ,  ,          .  ,    ,      , ,  -  ,  ,         ,   - ,     (Peter Sirk, Carl Schmitt, Crown jurist of the Third Reich. On Preemptive War, Military Occupation, and World Empire, Edwin Mellen Press, Lewiston, 2005, p. 35).        (Chantal Mouffe, One the Political, Routledge, Abingdon, 2005, pp. 7780). . : Linda S. Bishai, Andreas Behnke, War, Violence, and the Displacement of Political, Townson University, Townson [Maryland], 2005; James OConnor, Exceptions, Distinctions, and Processes of Identification: The Concrete Thought of Carl Schmitt and US Neoconservatism as Seen through Readings of Kenneth Burke and Jacques Derrida, , Helsinki University, Helsinki, 2006.




15


,          .     : The Concept of the Political, Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, 1976 (2 ed.: University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1996); Political Theology. Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty, MIT Press, Cambridge, 1985 (2 ed.: University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2005); The Crisis of Parliamentary Democracy, MIT Press, Cambridge, 1985; Political Romanticism, MIT Press, Cambridge, 1986; The Plight of European Jurisprudence // Telos, New York, 83,  1990, pp. 3570; The Leviathan in the State of Thomas Hobbes. Meaning and Failure of a Political Symbol, Greenwood Press, Westport, 1996; Roman Catholicism and Political Form, Greenwood Press, Westport, 1996; The Tyranny of Values, Plutarch Press, Washington, 1996; Land and See, Plutarch Press, Washington, 1997; State, Movement, People. The Triadic Structure of the Political Unity, Plutarch Press, Corvallis, 2001; The Nomos of the Earth in the International Law of the Jus Publicum Europaeum, Telos Press, New York, 2003; Legality and Legitimacy, Duke University Press, Durham, 2004; On the Three Types of Juristic Thought, Praeger Publ., Westport, 2004; Theory of the Partisan. Intermediate Commentary on the Concept of the Political // Telos, New York, 127,  2004, pp. 1178 ( . : Theory of the Partisan. A Commentary / Remark on the Concept of the Political // The New Centennial Review, East Lansing [Michigan], IV, 2004, 3); War/Nonwar? A Dilemma, Plutarch Press, Corvallis, 2005.   , ,         ,      -  Telos (       .    ,   ),     ,    ,  ,  . ,  ,    .




16


Art. cit.




17


Op. cit., p. 115.




18


The Wall Street Journal, New York, 24  2002.




19


Carl Schmitt, La notion de politique, Flammarion, Paris, 1992, p. 116.




20


     . 155,           (   ),     .  :     ,      ,    ,     [.]       .       ,    ..  ,     . ,       ,    ,     -    .    ,      .           .




21


Carl Schmitt, Der Begriff des Politischen. Mit einer Rede ?ber das Zeitalter der Neutralisierung und Entpolitisierungen, Duncker u. Humblot, M?nchen-Leipzig, 1932.     .    1928 ,        ,    10  1927  (Archiv f?r Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik, LVIII, 1  1927, . 1-33).




22


Leo Strauss, Anmerkungen zu Carl Schmitt, Der Begriff des Politischen (1932) // Archiv f?r Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik, T?bingen, LXVII, 6, - 1932, . 732749;    : Leo Strauss, Hobbes politische Wissenschaft (Luchterhand, Neuwied, 1965, pp. 161181,  : Hobbes politische Wissenschaft und zugeh?rige Schriften  Briefe [=Gesammelte Schriften, vol. 3], J.-B. Metzler, Stuttgart-Weimar, 2001, pp. 217242),       (.  23).   Comments on Carl Schmitts Der Begriff des Politischen    : Leo Strauss, Spinozas Critique of Religion, Schocken Books, New York, 1965, pp. 331351,   : Leo Strauss, An Introduction to Political Philosophy, Wayne State University Press, Detroit, 1989.  ,           ,                     (Hans Morgenthau, La notion du politique et la theorie des differends internationaux, Librarie du recueil Sirey, Geneve, 1933).    .: Hans-Karl Pichler, The Weberian Legacy. The Godfathers of Truth: Max Weber and Carl Schmitt in Morgenthaus Theory of Power Politics // Review of International Studies, Cambridge, XXIV, 2,  1998, pp. 185200. Martti Koskenniemi, Carl Schmitt, Hans Morgenthau, and the Image of Law in International Relations // Michael Byers (ed.), The Role of Law in International Politics. Essays on International Relations and International Law, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2000, pp. 1734 (        Out of Europe: Carl Schmitt, Hans Morgenthau, and the Turn to International Relations   : Martti Kosken-niemi, The Gentle Civiliser of Nations. The Rise and Fall of International Law 18701960, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2001, pp. 413509.




23


  Der Begriff des Politischen     1933 .  1932     1963       .       (13-    2002 ).   ,     ,    ,    (Heinrich Meier, Carl Schmitt, Leo Strauss und der Begriff des Politischen. Zu einem Dialog unter Abwesenden. Mit Leo Strauss Aufsatz ?ber den Begriff des Politischen und drei unver?ffentlichten Briefen an Carl Schmitts aus den Jahren 1932-33, J.-B. Metzler, Stuttgart, 1998,   : J-B. Metzler, Stuttgart-Weimar, 1998;  : Carl Schmitt, Leo Strauss et la notion de politique. Un dialogue entre absents. Suivi du commentaire de Leo Strauss sur La notion de politique et de trois lettres inedites a Carl Schmitt des annees 1932-33, Julliard-Commentaire, Paris, 1990;  : Carl Schmitt and Leo Strauss. The Hidden Dialogue. Including Strausss Notes on Schmitts Concept of the Political and Three Letters from Strauss to Schmitt, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1995).            ,     19321933.    ,     ,       - ,        : Carl Schmitt, Parlementarisme et democratie (Seuil, Paris, 1988, pp. 187214).




24


La notion de politique, op. cit., pp. 183, 186.




25


Der Leviathan in der Staatslehre des Thomas Hobbes. Sinn und Fehlschlag eines politischen Symbols, Hanseatische Verlagenschaft, Hamburg, 1938 ( : Hohenheim, K?ln-L?venich, 1982, . pp. 2021; . : Le Leviathan dans la doctrine de lEtat de Thomas Hobbes. Sens et echec dun symbole politique, Seuil, Paris, 2002). ( :  .       . .:  , 2006.)




26


      .: Paul Gottfried, Schmitt and Strauss // Telos, New York, 96,  1993, . 167176; John P McCormick, Fear, Technology, and the State. Carl Schmitt, Leo Strauss and the Revival of Hobbes in Weimar and National Socialist Germany // Political Theory, XXII, 1994, 2, pp. 619652; Robert Howse, From Legitimacy to Dictatorship  and Back Again. Leo Strausss Critique of the Anti-Liberalism of Carl-Schmitt // David Dyzenhaus (ed.), Carl Schmitts Challenge to Liberalism,   The Canadian Journal of Law and Jurisprudence, London [Ontario], X, 1,  1997, pp. 77-104,    : David Dyzenhaus (ed.), Law as Politics, Carl Schmitts Critique of Liberalism, Duke University Press, Durham, 1998, pp. 5690;  Robert Howse, The Use and Abuse of Leo Strauss in the Schmitt Revival on the German Right  The Case of Heirich Meier ( ); Eduardo Hernando Nieto, ^Teologia politiica o filosofia politica? La amistosa conver-sacion entre Carl Schmitt y Leo Strauss // Jorge E. Dotti, Julio Pinto (ed.), Carl Schmitt. Su epoca y su pensamiento, Eudeba, Buenos Aires, 2002, pp. 189209; Claudia Hilb, Mas alla del liberalismo. Notas sobre las Anmerkungen de Leo Strauss al Concepto de lo politico de Carl Schmitt // ibid., pp. 211227; Miguel E. Vatter, Strauss and Schmitt as Readers of Hobbes and Spinoza. On The Relation between Political Theology and Liberalism // CR: The New Centennial Review, East Lansing, IV,  2004, pp. 161214; Carlo Altini, La Storia della filosofia come filosofia politica. Carl Schmitt et Leo Strauss lettori di Thomas Hobbes, ETS, Pisa, 2004; D. Janssens, A Change of Orientation: Leo Strausss Comments on Carl Schmitt Revised // Interpretation, XXXIII, 2005, 1, pp. 93-104; Reinhard Mehring, Carl Schmitt, Leo Strauss, Thomas Hobbes und die Philosophie // Philosophisches Jahrbuch, Freiburg i. Br., CXII, 2005, 2, pp. 380394; Walter Schmidt, Politische Thologie III. Anmerkungen zu Carl Schmitt und Leo Strauss // Charlotte Gaitanides (Hrsg.), Europa und seine Verfassung. Festschrift f?r Manfred Zuleeg zum siebzigsten Geburtstag, Nomos, Baden-Baden, 2005, S. 1534; Jianhong Chen, Between Politics and Philosophy. A Study of Leo Strauss in Dialogue with carl Schmitt,  , Uni-versite catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 2006. . : John Gunnell, Strauss Before Straussianism. The Weimar Conversation // Review of Politics, LII, 1,  1990.  ,   La Repubblica (Il filosofo e la politica, 24  2005, p. 55)     ,      ,       ,   ,    .     ,     ,     -.   :  ,            ,      ,       ,         蔻 (art. cit., p. 173).         14   14  2005       ( --) -    ,     .




27


Carl Schmitt, Leo Strauss et la notion de politique, op. cit., p. 71. . : Benjamin Sax, The Distinction Between Political Theology and Political Philosophy // The European Legacy,  2002, pp. 499502.    ,           ,    : Heinrich Meier, Die Denkbewegung von Leo Strauss. Die Geschichte der Philosophie und die Intention des Philosophes, J.-B. Metzler, Stuttgart-Weimar, 1996; Das theologisch-politische Problem. Zum Thema Leo Strauss, J.-B. Metzler, Stuttgart, 2003 ( : Leo Strauss and the Theological-Political Problem, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2006;  : Leo Strauss. Le Probleme theologico-politique, Bayard, Paris, 2006).    . : Daniel Tanguay, Leo Strauss. Une Biographie intellectuelle, Grasset, Paris, 2003; Park Sung-rae, Leo Strauss, Gimm-Young, Seoul, 2005.




28


Ibid., p. 120.    ,        :  /   [ ]   (art. cit., p. 35).




29


The Neoconservative Persuasion // The Weekly Standard, 25  2003.




30


Carl Schmitt, La notion de politique, op. cit., p. 197. . : Carl Schmitt, Clausewitz als politishcer Denker. Bemerkungen und Hinweise // Der Staat, Berlin, VI, 1967, 4, pp. 479502.




31


Ibid., p. 72.




32


jus publicum europaeum (.)    ,      ;      . . .




33


.: Mika Ojakangas, A Philosophy of Concrete Life. Carl Schmitt and the Political Life of Late Modernity, SoPhil, Jyv?skyl?, 2004, pp. 7172.




34


Carl Schmitt, Thorie du partisan // La notion de politique  Thorie du partisan, Calmann-Levy, Paris, 1972, 2e ed.: Flammarion, Paris, 1992, p. 212. ( :  .  . .: . 2007. . 20.      .    ).


